BIO 02 Lesson 6: Open and Closed Structure of Heart

Open System

Transport fluid flows through freely through body cavities

primarily found in invertebrates

the blood flows freely through cavities

Hemolymph is pumped by the heart into an open cavity called hemocoel

Example organisms:

- Insects, arthropods, mollusks

Closed System

Transport tissue flows within vessels

Fish: 2

Amphibian: 3

Mammal and Bird: 4

Number of Chambers

Fish:

Amphibian:

Mammal and Bird:

The four chamber heart

separates oxygen rich from oxygen poor blood

Homeostasis

A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level

Thorax between the lungs (pericardial cavity

• Pointed apex directed toward left hip

Location of Heart