Health and Society: Respiratory System Flashcards

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the respiratory system, functions, and associated disorders.

Nasal cavity

filters, warms, and moistens air.

Pharynx

The throat; connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx

Larynx

The voice box; sound production.

Trachea

The windpipe; a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi, allowing air to enter the lungs.

Bronchi

Major air passages that branch from the trachea to the lungs.

Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Internal respiration

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood capillaries and body cells.

External respiration

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood capillaries in the lungs.

Ventilation

The process of inhalation and exhalation of air.

Olfactory sense

The sense of smell, processed by the olfactory bulb in the nasal cavity.

Hematosis

The process of gas exchange in the lungs, allowing oxygenated blood to circulate.

cellular respiration

Process by which each cell obtains energy (ATP)

the power source

air in lungs

the vibrator

larynx

the resonator

throat, nose and mouth

the articulator

tongue, lips jaw and soft palate

the sinuses

joined to the nasal cavity via small orifices called ostium

cardio vascular system consists of

heart, blood,blood vessels

lymphatic system consists of

lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymphathic nodes and lymphathic organs

heart

pump that keeps blood circulating.

blood

luid through which nutrients, gases
and wastes are transported

blood vessels

duct system, through which
blood moves throughout the body

lymph

fluid that contains WBC that defend
the body

lymphtic vessels

ducts that carry lymph
with WBC.

Lymphatic Nodes

filter substances carried by
lymphatic fluid and contain WBC.

Lymphatic Organs

spleen, tonsils and bone marrow

functions of the circulatory system

Transport oxygen and nutrients.
disease-fighting materials regulate body temperature

how many layers does the heart have

3 layers

what is systole

when heart contracts and pumps out
blood

what is diastole

when the heart relaxes
after contraction.

what does the heart pump

oxygenated blood and
deoxygenated blood

where does oxygenated blood goes to

the body

where does the deoxygenated blood goes to

the lungs

what type of muscle does the heart is made up of

cardiac muscle

what are the two chambers of the heart

right atrium and left atrium

what happens in the atria

receive blood returning to the heart.

what is below the atria

right ventricle and left ventricle

what happens in the ventricles

pump blood away from
the heart.

blood vessels function

circulate blood throughout the
body and help keep the blood flowing to and from the heart.

function of arteries

oxygenated blood is carried away from the heart to the body. They are elastic and durable.

functions of veins

deoxygenated blood going back to the heart.

functions of the capillaries

microscopic blood vessels where the exchange of important
substances and wastes occur.

cardiac cycle

each heartbeat with a series of coordinated events

atrial systole

contraction of the two atria in synchrony

Ventricular systole

contraction of the two ventricles in
synchrony.

Diastole: .

both atria and ventricle relax and fill with blood

systolic pressure

the higher, generated in the arteries by the muscular left ventricle as it pump blood

diastolic pressure

lower, pressure in the arteries as the heart rests between contractions

what is the normal blood pressure

120/80 mmHg

what is blood made up of

blood cells
suspended in a fluid called plasma.

where is blood made in

the bone marrow

white blood cells

protect the body from pathogens

platelets

cells fragments found in the bone marrow

red blood cells

contains hemoglobin, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues

plasma

contains, water, salts, enzymes, carry nutrients hormones and proteins to body parts