MIDI 2 Module 2: Abdominal Imaging

black

LOW density objects appear __________ on X-ray

white

HIGH density objects appear ______ on X-ray

kidneys, ureter, bladder (KUB)

What is included in plain abdominal film?

scout radiograph

KUB

flat plate

Other names for standard AP view abdnominal film?

abnormal masses, gases, bones, and stones

What can plain films show?

flat (AP) and upright

What are the typical 2 views of the abdomen?

supine view

upright or LLD view

CXR

What is NORMALLY obtained in an acute abdominal series?

bowel gas patterns

calcifications

masses

We usually see these in what kind of abdominal XR?

supine abdomen XR

gas in rectosigmoid

gas in ascending and descending colon

We usually see these in what kind of abdominal XR?

prone abdomen XR

free air

air fluid levels

We usually see these in what kind of abdominal XR?

upright abdomen XR

free air

lung pathology secondary to intraabdominal process

We usually see these in what kind of XR?

upright chest

single view AP abdomen "scout film"

What view is this?

upright view of abdomen

What view is this?

upright view of chest

What view is this?

prone view of abdomen

What view is this?

left lateral decubitus/recumbent

What view is this?

check any prior radiographs to compare

It is imperative to do WHAT when looking at any type of x-ray?

gastric air bubble

What is the arrow pointing to?

3-6-9 rule

SB = 3 cm

LB = 6 cm

Cecum = 9 cm

What are the normal diameters of small bowel, large bowel, and cecum?

small bowel

- Centrally placed in abdomen

- Valvulae conniventes markings extend across the lumen and are spaced much closer together

- Max dilation is approx. 5 cm

Describes the appearance of what?

large bowel

- Peripherally placed

- Haustral markings do not extend completely across and are more widely spaced

Describes the appearance of what?

Valvulae connivente

Look like a stack of coins

What do we call the thin, circumferential (complete) folds that are found in the small bowel?

Haustra

What do we call the thick, transverse, incomplete folds found in the large bowel?

Haustra --> large bowel

What fold is this and where is it found?

Valvulae vonnivente --> small bowel

What fold is this and where is it found?

large bowel

Stool on x-ray marks the presence of what?

stool

What are the arrows pointing to?

large bowel

Where should we NOT see (or see very few) air-fluid levels on X-ray?