British History and The Middle East

These flashcards cover key vocabulary, figures, and events discussed in the lecture notes, focusing on the historical, cultural, economic, and political connections between Britain and the Middle East.

Thames and Rhine River System

Connected originally 13,000 years ago.

British Isles and Europe

Were once part of the same landmass a short time ago.

William Blake

Proto-Romantic poet protesting industrialization.

Industrialization in the 1700s

Vacuumed people into polluted cities and incorporated child labor.

Blake's Anti-Industrial Stance

Railing against economic corruption.

1916 Music Adaptation

Set to a patriotic tone during World War I.

Blake's Poem

Critical of industrialization and capitalism.

Hubert Perry Music

Changed the William Blake Poem to patriotic tone.

Jerusalem

A concept that expresses making England good again.

William Blake visions

Received visions from God since childhood.

John Milton

Blind poet of the 1600s, wrote Paradise Lost.

Stonehenge

Neolithic structure built by proto-Celtic people.

British Historians

Made up information when they didn't know the answer.

Biblical Influence

British historians looked to the Bible when they didn't know their own history.

Noah's Descendants

British historians traced all people, including the British, back to Noah.

Gildus

British historian who connected attacks on the English coast to Philistine attacks on Israel.

Venerable Bede

British historian who traces Britons back to the descendants of Noah.

Barbara Tuchman

Historian writing about the connections between Britain and The Middle East.

Norman Trading System

Pan-European system joined by England after the Norman invasion.

Norman Arab Byzantine Culture

Fused Norman, Byzantine, and Arab cultures in Italy, Sicily, and North Africa.

Irish Design Influence

Rome sending missionaries to Ireland.

Book of Kells

Example of Irish design influenced by Norman Arab Byzantine culture.

Gothic Architecture

Norman Arab Byzantine culture influences Gothic architecture.

Religious Segregation

Increased segregation between Catholics and Muslims in the high Middle Ages.

Old Stock Market Murals

Showed British commerce through history.

Cornwall Tin Trade

Ancient Britons trading tin with Mediterranean traders.

Queen Bodicia

Queen of the Britons who rebelled against the Roman invasion.

Crusades

English king and nobility fought to protect the holy land.

British Pilgrims

Visited Jerusalem until the fall of Constantinople.

Henry the Eighth

King who switched from Catholicism to Protestantism.

Bible Translation

The Bible was translated to common English language for common people.

Bible availability

The Bible would be translated and accessible for people to read freely at any time.

Old testament discovery

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers became a part of the British culture.

English Law

Based on common law, decisions made on previous cases.

Roman Law

The opposite of English Law. Laws made by legal philosophy and experts, The laws are set down.

English Trade

England had a fairly brisk trade with the Middle East from November, '12 hundred till about 1450.

Ottoman Empire

Empire that increased trade with the outside world.

Battle of Lepanto

Famous naval battle opens the Mediterranean to other Europeans.

English Navy

Defeats the Spanish Navy, opening up the sea.

English exchanges

Exchanges with the Middle East go from being religious to commerce.

Elizabeth trade charters

Elizabeth sets up charters to trade with Palestine and Israel.

British embassy

British embassy in The Middle East in Istanbul.

The English wanted

Silk. The silk route between the middle east and Asia was already well established.

The english also wanted

Cotton as well. If you've been wearing wool all your life, what a relief to have cotton.

Indigo Blue

The color of blue jeans.

Spices

Useful for preserving foods in a time without refrigeration.

English Offered

Three kinds of dogs, clocks, and not much else.

Manchester and Birmingham

Discovered that the climate in the north of England was better for cotton.

English imports

Daffodils and Lilies were imports from The Middle East, Persia

Colonialism profits

Britain imports raw materials and makes finished products, and then sells the finished products to the rest of the world.

American economics

Spain importing four times more from its American colonies, than it exports to them raw materials.

Population movements

The people were leaving houses away from the little towns they live in.

English problems

Countryside dead Now that industrialism has killed it.

concentration

People concentrated in city centers

Peterloo Massacre

Brought on by postwar Napoleonic price inflation.

Robert boroughs

each county or each area has been represented with a seat in parliament no matter how many people live there.

Suffrage

The right to vote.

Slavery

British Parliament abolished slavery

1848 protests

Those who were going to join asked for a charter.

British government

The British government was for the people and more progressive.

Middle east popularity

The Middle East was the ancient world, the world of the Bible, the Holy Land.

Seuez Canal

This Canal was excavated by ancient Romans

Suez canal benefit

Moving troops, food, goods from London to Mumbai

The English

The English were successful in two world wars because because of this canal

The Ottoman Empire

Collapse of the empire

Colonial presence

English and French controlled the region

Tourism

Visit a place not for a year or six months, but for a month or a few weeks.

Derek Gregory

Derek Gregory: Selfie of Culture

Wind

The technology of renewable energy.

Noam Chomsky

American philosopher, about economic reparations for environmental damage due to global heating

Red Line Agreement

The first oil cartel.

OPEC resources

to share these resources between us, and we're gonna keep everybody else out

Persian Monarchy

Made agreements with British Petroleum.

Electricity producing wind turbine

electricity producing wind turbine: built in 1887 in Scotland.