Ancient Greece 4 and 5

Mythology

stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works

Homer

Greek poet; he wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey, two famous Greek epic poems. They describe the deeds of heroes during and after the Trojan War.

Sappho

Greek poet; she was one of the most famous lyric poets of Greece.

Aesop

Ancient Greek storyteller; he was famous for his fables—short stories that teach important lessons about life.

Fables

short story that teaches a lesson about life or gives advice on how to live

Socarts

Greek philosopher; his teaching style was based on asking questions. He wanted people to question their own beliefs. Socrates was arrested and condemned to death for challenging authority.

Plato

Greek philosopher; he was a student of Socrates. Plato started a school in Athens, called the Academy, and wrote The Republic, which describes an ideal society run by philosophers.

Aristotle

Greek philosopher; he was a student of Plato. Aristotle taught that people should live lives of moderation and use reason in their lives.

Reason

clear and ordered thinking

Euclid

Greek mathematician; he was one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Euclid is famous for his contributions to the field of geometry.

Hippocrates

Greek doctor; he is regarded as the father of medicine. Hippocrates tried to find out what caused diseases and is known today for his ideas on how doctors should conduct themselves.