Anatomy Bones and Skeletal Muscle Ch. 6 Lecture

*True/False: Bones are considered organs.

True

*True/False: Costal cartilage makes up the larynx and epiglottis and

reinforces air passages.

False

*True/False: The external ear is made of fibrocartilage.

False

True/False: Fibrocartilage resists strong compression and tension

(pulling) forces.

True

*True/False: The axial skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower

limbs, pectoral (shoulder) girdle, and pelvic (hip) girdle, and the

appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column,

and rib cage

False

*True/False: Sesamoid bones are short bones that form within tendons,

such as the patella.

True

*True/False: The sternum is classified as a flat bone.

True

*True/False: Vertebrae are classified as flat bones.

False

*True/False: Hematopoietic tissue (red marrow) is found in different

locations in adults than in infants.

True

*True/False: Compact bone is made of small, needle-like or flat pieces of

bone that are filled with bone marrow.

False

*True/False: The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that forms the axis of long

bones.

True

*True/False: The epiphyseal line separates the diaphysis from the

epiphyses and allows for growth.

False

*True/False: The periosteum is a double-layered protective membrane

surrounding all living bones.

True

*True/False: The fibrous layer of the periosteum is a delicate membrane

covering all internal surfaces of bone.

False

*True/False: Short, irregular, and flat bones have no diaphysis or

epiphyses.

True

*True/False: Short, irregular, and flat bones have medullary cavities filled

with yellow marrow

False

*True/False: Canaliculi are hair-like canals that connect lacunae to each

other.

True

*True/False: Bones are made up of approximately 35% organic matter.

True

*True/False: Osteoid is an organic part of bone matrix composed of

proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and collagen.

True

*True/False: Hydroxyapatites are organic parts of bones.

False

*True/False: Hydroxyapatites are tiny crystals that are responsible for

bone hardness and resistance to compressioN

True

True/False: Hematopoiesis is the process of bone tissue formation

False that is blood cell formation

*True/False: Intramembranous ossification is when bone forms by

replacing hyaline cartilage.

False

___ ossification is when bone forms by

replacing hyaline cartilage.

endochondral ossification

True/False: Osteoclasts are phagocytes that dissolve bone

True

*True/False: Bone remodeling is caused by hormones and mechanical and

gravitational forces acting on the skeleton

True

*Hormonal regulation of bone remodeling includes__________.

A) only calcitonin B) only parathyroid hormone C)

mechanical forces D) progesterone

E) calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

The term interstitial growth refers to _____________.

Growth of bone from the inside

Hydroxyapatite is made mostly of _____

Calcium phosphate

*Which of the following is (are) NOT a main function of the skeletal

system?

A) production of blood cells (hematopoiesis) B) support C)

strength D) storage of minerals

Strength

*Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of _______

Fat

*The structural unit of compact bone is _____________.

A) lamellar bone B) the osteon C) osseous matrix D)

spongy bone E) trabeculae

The osteon

The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the ____

Osteoblasts

*Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The

inner (osteogenic) layer consists primarily of __________

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts

The most abundant skeletal cartilage type is _____

Hyaline

Spongy bones are made up of a framework called ____

Trabeculae

Which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is in

bone?

A) live cells B) blood vessels C) lacunae D) organic fibers

Blood vessels

The presence of lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels would indicate

____________.

osseous tissue

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (the Haversian canal)

is the site of ____________

Blood vessels and nerve fibers

Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which

of the following cells accomplishes this process?

Osteoclast

Vertebrae are considered ________ bones.

Irregular