Biology (7) - Vesicular Transport

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14 Terms

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Functions of protein coats on vesicles

  1. selection and concentration of the right transport molecules

  2. decide the size and shape of the vesicle

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3 basic types of coated vesicles

  1. Clathrin coated

  2. COP I

  3. COP II

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Step 1 of Assembly of clathrin coat

cargo protein binds to a cargo molecule adaptin then binds to the cargo protein and clathrin, forming a coated pit.

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Step 2 of Assembly of clathrin coat

As the clathrin coated pit grows a bud forms. Dynamin attaches and then pinches off to create a vesicle.

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Step 3 of Assembly of clathrin coat

After formation, a chaperone protein peels off the coat.

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What regulates the proteins that regulate vesicle formation?

GAP’s (inactivates) and GEF’s (activate)

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How does GAP inactivate proteins?

GAPs activate GTPase, leading to the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP stoping the signaling pathway.

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How does GEF’s activate proteins?

promote the exchange of GDP to GTP activating the signalling pathway.

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What is a SNARE (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein Receptor) protein?

facilitate the fusion of membranes in cells

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v-SNAREs

found on vesicle membrane

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t-SNAREs

found on the target membrane; binds with v-SNAREs

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trans-SNARE-complex

formed with t- and v-SNAREs bind; locks the two membranes together

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Rab-Proteins

found on the cell membrane; can join vesicles when they bud off.

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Rab-effectors

found on the target membrane; docking occurs with rab-proteins