Gaseous Exchange Test Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards reviewing key concepts, definitions, and requirements of gaseous exchange from Paper 1 notes.

Breathing

The physical process whereby air moves in and out of the lungs.

Gas Exchange

The exchange of oxygen ($O_2$) and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) across a gaseous exchange surface.

Cellular Respiration

A chemical process occurring inside cells in which food molecules such as glucose are broken down to release energy.

Oxygen Absorption Purpose

To absorb oxygen from the atmosphere and make it available to the cells for cellular respiration.

Carbon Dioxide Removal Purpose

To release carbon dioxide from the cells during cellular respiration, because increased carbon dioxide in the body can lower the pH of body fluids.

Large Surface Area (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement that provides sufficient oxygen and gets rid of sufficient carbon dioxide.

Thin Surface (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement that ensures rapid diffusion of gases across the exchange surface.

Moist Surface (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement that prevents cells from drying out and ensures that gases can diffuse in a dissolved state.

Well-ventilated Organs (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement that ensures fresh supplies of air containing oxygen from the external environment and removes air containing carbon dioxide.

Well-protected Surface (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement designed to prevent drying out and damage to the exchange surface.

Transport System (Gas Exchange Requirement)

Requirement for efficient transport of gases between gas exchange organs and body cells.

Exhaled Air

Air breathed out, which is different from inhaled air because it contains less oxygen.

Features of an Efficient Gaseous Exchange Surface

Characteristics including a large surface area, a thin surface, and many blood capillaries.