Quantum Mechanical Model
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23 Terms
Who proposed Wave-Particle Duality?
Louis de Broglie
What did the Wave-Particle Duality state?
It stated that particles can exhibit wave-like behavior. Broglie applied this to electrons and described them as "standing waves" around the nucleus.
Who proposed the Uncertainty Principle?
Werner Heinsenberg
What did the Uncertainty Principle state?
That it is impossible to simultaneously determine the exact position and velocity of an electron. Thus, it is not appropriate to organize electrons onto fixed orbits, and can only describe the probable location of an electron around the nucleus.
Who developed wave equations?
Erwin Schrodinger
What did the solution of Schrodinger’s equation describe?
A region in space around the nucleus of an atom where an electron may be found with 95% probability.
How many electrons can each orbital contain?
Two
How many total electrons can the s subshell hold?
Two
How many total electrons can the p subshell hold?
Six
How many total electrons can the d subshell hold?
Ten
How many total electrons can the f subshell hold?
Fourteen
What is electron configuration?
The shorthand notation that shows electron arrangement within orbitals.
What is the Aufbau Principle?
Fill the lowest energy orbitals first, then the higher energy levels.
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
The two electrons in each orbital must have opposite spins.
What is Hund's Rule?
Every orbital in a subshell must be occupied by one electron before any can be paired up.
What comes after the 4s subshell?
3d
How do you write a condensed electron configuration?
Reference a noble gas by writing atomic symbol in square brackets, then continuing electron configuration.
What charge do anions have? Why?
Negative, because they have gained electrons.
What charge do anions have? Why?
Positive, because they have lost electrons.
What are isoelectronic ions?
They are ions that have the same electron configuration! (Remember struggling with this last year lol)
What are the two anomalies that must be known while writing electron configurations?
Chromium and copper
What is the electron configuration of chromium?
[Ar] 4s1 3d5
(4s subshell is not full)
What is the electron configuration of copper?
4s1 3d10
(4s subshell is not full)