SBI 3UI EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS

Flashcards for SBI 3UI Exam Practice Questions

Define passive transport, osmosis, and turgor pressure.

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the need for energy; The diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration; The pressure exerted by water inside a cell against the cell wall.

Define homeostasis and facilitative diffusion.

The control of internal conditions in a changing external environment; transport of molecules across the cell membrane with the aid of membrane proteins.

Give the function of the Nucleus, Golgi apparatus, and chromosomes.

Contains the cell's genetic material and controls the activities of the cell; Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids; Structures made of DNA that carry genetic information.

Give the function of Lysosomes, flagella, and plastids.

Breaks down waste; whip-like structures used for movement; organelles that conduct photosynthesis.

Give the function of Ribosomes, microtubules, and cytoplasm.

Sites of protein synthesis; hollow rods that help to form the cytoskeleton; the fluid that fills the cell.

Compare hypertonic and hypotonic solutions.

A solution with a higher solute concentration compared to another solution; A solution with a lower solute concentration compared to another solution.

Compare the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis.

The process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles; The process by which cells expel materials.

Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Requires oxygen; does not require oxygen.

Define taxonomy and binomial nomenclature.

The science of classifying organisms; a system for naming species in which two words are used to name an organism.

Define archaebacteria and endospores.

Prokaryotic organisms; a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria.

Define eubacteria and antibiotic resistance.

Prokaryotic organisms; the ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic.

Compare primary growth and secondary growth.

Growth in length or height; growth in width or thickness.

Compare dermal tissue and ground tissue.

The outer protective layer; fills the interior of the plant.

Compare xylem and phloem.

Transports water and minerals; transports sugars.

Compare sexual and asexual reproductive cycles.

Involves fusion of gametes; does not involve fusion of gametes.

Compare gibberellins, cytokinins, auxins, and ethylene.

Promote stem elongation; promote cell division; promote stem elongation; promote ripening.

Describe the function of the cuticle and palisade mesophyll.

Waxy coating that prevents water loss; specialized cells for photosynthesis.

Describe the function of the stoma and bundle sheath.

Pores for gas exchange; cells surrounding vascular bundles.

Describe the function of parenchyma tissue and collenchyma tissue.

Fundamental tissue used for storage and photosynthesis; support tissue.

Explain how enzymes work.

A system where the products of a chemical reaction are regulated by the amount of the products.

Describe the esophagus, ascending colon, pyloric sphincter, and appendix.

Muscular tube that carries food to the stomach; the first part of colon; Valve between the stomach and small intestine; A vestigial organ.

Describe the ileum, rectum, jejunum, and anal sphincter muscle.

The last part of small intestine; stores feces before elimination; The middle part of the small intestine; controls the release of feces.

Where is bile produced, where is it stored and what does it do?

The liver; the gallbladder; it emulsifies fats.

Describe each of the following and where they are formed: bolus, chyme, waste (fecal matter).

Chewed food mixed with saliva; partially digested food in the stomach; solid waste.

What are the 3 types of nutrients and why are each of them needed by the body? What is the difference between essential and nonessential amino acids?

They are necessary to live and function; essential amino acids cannot be synthesized; nonessential can.

How do we inhale and exhale?

The diaphragm contracts and the rib cage expands; The diaphragm relaxes and the rib cage contracts.

Describe the function of the nasal cavity, alveoli, epiglottis, and bronchioles.

Filters, warms, and moistens air; air sacs for gas exchange; Closes off the trachea during swallowing; small tubes that carry air to the alveoli.

How is the air we breathe conditioned (changed before it reaches our lungs)? Where is this done? Why is it done?

Filters, warms, and moistens air; Filters, warms, and moistens air.

What is blood made up of? Describe the difference between erythrocytes and leukocytes.

Made of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; Erythrocytes carry oxygen; leukocytes fight infection.

Define plasma, capillary, and pulmonary circulation.

The liquid component of blood; tiny blood vessels for gas exchange; Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back.

Define ventricle, septum, and systemic circulation.

Chambers of the heart; the wall separating the chambers of the heart; Carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body and back.

Compare Monocot and Dicot Stems.

Monocot: Scattered vascular bundles. Dicot: Ringed vascular bundles.