Chapter 10 Vocab Gov and Econ

Civil Liberties

basic freedoms to think and act; all people have them; protected from government abuse

Civil Rights

rights of fair and equal status, treatment, right to participate in government- thought these rights not originally guaranteed for all

Due Process

government gives people chance to defend themselves

Incorporation Doctrine

holds that certain protections are essential to due process of law, therefore states cannot deny protections to the people

Establishment Clause

declares the government cannot take actions to create official religion or support one religion over another

Free Exercise Clause

guarantees each person right to hold any religious beliefs they choose

Libel

defamation in print

Slander

spoken defamatory statement

Treason

crime of making war against U.S. or give aid to enemies

Sedition

legal term for speech, actions that inspire revolt against government

Prior Restraint

government action that seeks to prevent materials from being published

Symbolic Speech

communication of ideals through symbols, actions

Probable Cause

strong likelihood they would find evidence of a crime

Search Warrant

document giving police legal authority to search private property

Exclusionary Rule

evidence obtained illegally may not be used against person in court

Procedural Due Process

certain procedures must be followed before punishing people

Substantive Due Process

concerns whether laws themselves are fair and just

Civil Law

covers private disputes between people over property, relationships

Criminal Law

system for dealing with crimes, punishment

Indictment

grand jury decides if enough evidence to charge person with crime issues formal complaint