Cytosol and Phospholipid membrane

Main ingredient inside/outside of cell

water

what are responsibly for resting/action potentials

dissolved ions

what is the most important property of water?

the uneven distribution of charge

what hold net electrical charges of ions?

ionic bonds

spheres of hydration

clouds of water that surround ions

what does electrical charge depend on?

number of protons and electrons

divalent

2 particle difference

charge of cations

positive

charge of anions

negative

what are the drivers at the axon hillock?

sodium and potassium

hydrophobic substances

have no basis of chemical reaction with water

non-polar covalent bonds are present in…

hydrophobic molecules

describe the sharing of electrons in non-polar covalent bonds

electrons are truly shared equally, there is no net electrical charge

lipids are _____ molecules

non-polar

what do lipids do?

block water and water soluble substances

composition of phospholipids

contain long polar chains of C-H, has polar phosphate groups, polar heads and non-polar tails