Psychological, Psychiatric & Substance Abuse Practice Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering psychiatric disorders, DSM-IV axes, substance abuse specifics, therapeutic modalities, and psychological assessment tools.

Axis I (DSM-IV)

Clinical disorders representing primary psychiatric diagnoses such as Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia.

Axis II (DSM-IV)

DSM-IV category covering chronic conditions affecting cognition and personality, specifically Personality Disorders and Intellectual Disabilities.

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

A scale from $0$ to $100$ used to rate psychological, social, and occupational functioning.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A mood disorder characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest/pleasure, fatigue, and cognitive impairments like difficulty concentrating.

Bipolar I Disorder

A disorder involving episodes of mania, characterized by elevated mood and impulsivity, and major depression.

Cyclothymia

A condition involving hypomanic and depressive symptoms for more than $2$ years that does not meet full criteria for MDD or Bipolar.

Dysthymia (Persistent Depressive Disorder)

A mood disorder featuring low mood most days for at least $2$ years, with symptoms like low energy and low self-esteem.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Chronic and excessive worry about various life aspects accompanied by physical symptoms such as restlessness and muscle tension.

Panic Disorder

Recurrent, sudden panic attacks followed by at least $1$ month of persistent fear regarding another attack occurrence.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

An ego-dystonic disorder characterized by unwanted intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) used to reduce anxiety.

Schizophrenia (Positive Symptoms)

Psychotic symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech.

Schizoaffective Disorder

A mental health condition featuring features of both schizophrenia and mood disorders, such as depression or mania.

Delusional Disorder

The presence of non-bizarre delusions for at least $1$ month in the absence of other schizophrenia symptoms.

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A category of personality disorders described as Odd/Eccentric, including Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal PD.

Borderline Personality Disorder

A Cluster B disorder involving unstable relationships, fear of abandonment, impulsivity, and self-harm.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Exposure to trauma resulting in intrusive memories, flashbacks, hypervigilance, and emotional numbness.

Conversion Disorder

Sudden-onset sensory or motor deficits, such as paralysis or blindness, that are incompatible with neurological findings and preceded by stress.

Factitious Disorder (Munchausen’s Syndrome)

The intentional production of symptoms to assume a sick role for internal gain.

Malingering

The intentional production of symptoms for external gain, such as obtaining money or drugs.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder involves binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, often resulting in electrolyte imbalance and Russell’s sign.

Cocaethylene

A combination of alcohol and cocaine that leads to increased toxicity and higher overdose risk.

Opiate Overdose Triad

A clinical presentation consisting of miosis, respiratory depression, and CNS depression.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction, communication difficulties, and repetitive behaviors.

Reality Therapy (Glasser)

A therapeutic approach focusing on personal responsibility and empowering clients to take control of their choices.

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

A therapy developed by Ellis focusing on irrational beliefs and using disputation techniques to challenge them.

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales

An intelligence test for ages $2-85+$ years focusing on factors like fluid reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and working memory.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A widely used assessment of personality structure and psychopathology often employed in forensic evaluations.

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

A screening tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early dementia that is more sensitive than the MMSE.

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)

A neuropsychological test assessing executive function, cognitive flexibility, and problem-solving.

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)

The gold-standard assessment for diagnosing autism spectrum disorder through structured observation of social and communication deficits.