Literally U2 of AP CHEM minus VESPR shapes

How to Calculate Formal Charge

Valence Electrons (on Periodic Table) - Valence Electrons on Lewis Dot Diagram

How many pi/sigma bonds are in a Single Bond?

1 Sigma Bond, 0 Pi Bond

How many pi/sigma bonds are in a Double Bond?

1 Sigma Bond, 1 Pi Bond

How many pi/sigma bonds are in a Triple Bond?

1 Sigma Bond, 2 Pi Bond

Elements in Period/n ___ and above can expand octet (hold more than 8 electrons in its shell)

3

Ionic Bonds are Between…

Non-Metal + Metal

Covalent Bonds are Between…

Non-Metal + Non-Metal

Ionic Properties

Brittle, Conduct electricity when dissolved, High Melting Point

Covalent Properties

Lower Melting Point, Poor Conductors,

Cations are typically ___ than Anions

Smaller

Anions are typically ____ than Cations

Larger

Properties of Metallics

Delocalized Electrons, Excellent Conductors

Bond Length

Lowest Point on Graph

Greater Charge

Higher Boiling/Melting Point

Single Bond

Longest Bond, Lowest Bond Energy, Highest PE

Triple Bond

Shortest Bond Length, Most Bond Energy, Lowest Potential Energy

Crystalline Solid

Regular, repeating three dimensional structure

Amorphous Solid

Scattered Arrangement

Amorphous Solid Examples

Glass, Rubber, Plastic

Crystalline Solid Examples

Diamonds, Salt, Sugar