Bio - Organic Compounds, Carbohydrates and Lipids

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (1)

carbon has 4 valence electrons

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (2)

carbon is in the 4 groups of organic compounds

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (3)

Can bond with up to 4 elements which creates diversity

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (4)

forms straight, branched and ring shaped compounds

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (5)

Forms isomers for diversity

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (6)

carbon can attach to functional groups which compounds several different properties

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (7)

combines to make single, double, or triple bonds

Carbons ability to form large, diverse molecules (8)

forms strong bonds that allow for building blocks

organic compounds

carbon based molecules containg carbon and hydrogen

inorganic compound

a compound that doesnt contain carbon

1st most important macromolecules to life

Carbohydrates

2nd most important macromolecules to life

Lipids

3rd most important macromolecules to life

proteins

4th most important macromolecules to life

Nucleic acids

relationship of monomers vs polymers

monomers are building blocks that when bonded together create polymers

polymers (also known as macromolecules) are large identical or similar building blocks strung together

dehydration synsthesis

building two monomers by removing water (h2o) and replacing it with a covalent bond

hydrolysis 

addition of water (h2o) to seperate a polymer into two monomers

structure of carbohydrates

range from small sugar molecules to large polysaccharides

function of carbohydrates

broken down into glucose and fructose which is used by cells, tissues and organs to create energy for the body

types of carbohydrate molecules common in human diet

monosaccharides, polysaccharides and disacharide

disacharide

two bonded monosaccharides

monosaccharides

small sugar molecules with 1:2:1 ratio

Polysaccharides

polymers made up of thousands of monosaccharides. Structure is many rings bonded togther by dehydration synthesis

function of lipids

water fearing compounds

Carbon and hydrogen atoms linked together by nonpolar covalent bonds

structure of lipids

not huge molecules and not built from monomers

types of lipids

fats, phospholipids, and steroids

types of fats

fatty acids and glycerol

structural properties Phospholipids

contain two fatty acids attached glycerol (fats contain three)

major component of all cell membranes

fats (lipids) structure

long chains of carbon or hydrogen molecules

steroids (lipids) structure

4 rings fused together

phospholipids (lipids) structure

two fatty acid chains attached to a hydrophilic heads

saturated 

meaning more hydrogen 

bond significance

store lots of energy. When broken they release energy

disaccarides

two monosaccride rings bonded togther by dehydration synthesis

hydroxyl

C-OH

Hydroxyl (polar or non-polar and compounds)

polar and found in all compounds

carbonyl

C-C=O

carbonyl