9. Esters

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What are the properties of Esters?

  • Have distinct smells (fruits & perfumes)

  • Used in processed foods

  • cannot H bond so very insoluble

  • Can also be used in medications, solvents and explosives

  • can be separated by distillation

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How do you name Esters?

  1. First name comes from the alcohol (does not have the carbonyl

    1. take the name of the alcohol and change ending to -yl

  2. Second name: carboxylic acid

    1. take name of acid and change ending to -anoate

<ol><li><p>First name comes from the <mark data-color="#d70ee3" style="background-color: #d70ee3; color: inherit">alcohol</mark> (does <span style="color: #e38712"><strong>not have</strong></span> the carbonyl</p><ol><li><p>take the name of the alcohol and change ending to -yl</p></li></ol></li><li><p>Second name: <mark data-color="green" style="background-color: green; color: inherit">carboxylic acid</mark></p><ol><li><p>take name of acid and change ending to -anoate</p></li></ol></li></ol><p></p>
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What is Esterfication?

the condensation reaction that forms an ester; an alcohol combining with a carboxylic acid and creating a water molecule

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Reaction of Esters: Hydrolysis

  • reverse of esterfication

  • ester mixed acid or base will back into alcohols and carboxylic acids

  • Real example: fats and oils are esters from long-chain acids. When heated with a base, hydrolysis happens and makes soap.