cation
loses an electron
anion
gains an electron
polyatomic ions
atoms bonded together acting as a single unit
ionic compounds
ions held together through electrostatic attraction, usually between a metal and nonmetal, an electron is either gained or lost
molecular compounds
between nonmetals that share electrons
ionic compound features
usually have a higher melting and boiling point
valence electron
electrons involved in transfers and bonding
valence orbital
the outermost orbital