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Narration (definition)
tell a story, recount events
Narration (purpose)
to explain information about a topic through a series of events in story format
Description (definition)
targets senses with lots of detail, type of story with more imagery
Description (purpose)
to create a picture in words (vivid, specific details) to help the reader visualize something a writer has experienced
Process Analysis (definition)
explains how something works (machine, political system, how to, etc); summarizes how something was done (historical event, movement, etc)
Process Analysis (purpose)
to explain a process by giving directions or information about how something is done or how to do it.
Exemplification/Illustration (definition)
making a point through a series of examples; can be one extended example
Exemplification/Illustration (purpose)
to discuss a topic using several examples to clarify points or go in depth about one extended example
Comparison and Contrast (definition)
juxtaposing (putting two things close together to make their similarities and differences more distinct)
Comparison and Contrast (purpose)
to show how areas of a topic are similar (compare) or different (contrast) or both, often through juxtaposition
Classification and Division (definition)
to sort what goes together and why
Classification and Division (purpose)
to break a topic into groups of categories and explain what goes together and why they go together
Definition (definition)
defines something (word, concept, trend, etc) and examines how a situation fits that definition
Cause and Effect (definition)
analyzing the cause(s) that leads to particular effects
Cause and Effect (purpose)
to explain what caused something to happen, how one thing lead to another, or why something happened as the result of something else
Definition (purpose)
to define a word in a way that ensures the reader and speaker have a common understanding of what it means
