APUSH Unit 3

Solitary neglect

Period pre-1763 when Britain left colonies mostly uncontrolled

Seven Years War

Conflict ending in 1763, leading Britain to enforce control over colonies

Navigation Act

British law enforcing trade restrictions on colonies

Proclamation of 1763

Decree preventing colonists from settling west to avoid conflicts with Native Americans

Stamp Act

Tax on printed materials in colonies, leading to protests

Quartering Act

Law requiring colonists to house British soldiers

Townshend Acts

Tax laws on goods imported to colonies

Sons of Liberty

Colonial group opposing British policies, known for protests

Stamp Act Congress

Meeting of colonies to protest Stamp Act

Enlightenment ideas

Philosophical concepts inspiring American Revolution leaders

Common Sense

Influential pamphlet by Thomas Paine advocating independence

Declaration of Independence

Document declaring American colonies' independence from Britain

Articles of Confederation

First U.S. constitution, emphasizing weak central government

Constitution

Document replacing Articles of Confederation, establishing U.S. government

Virginia Plan

Proposal for representation based on state population

New Jersey Plan

Proposal for equal representation for all states

Great Compromise

Agreement creating bicameral legislature based on population and equal representation

Three-Fifths Compromise

Agreement counting slaves as three-fifths of a person for representation

Republican motherhood

Concept of women raising civic-minded citizens in the new nation

Emancipation

Gradual end of slavery, especially in northern states post-American Revolution

French Revolution

Revolution in France influenced by American Revolution

Abigail Adams

Prominent figure advocating for women's rights during American Revolution

Native Americans

Indigenous peoples facing challenges post-Treaty of Paris 1783

Separation of powers

Division of government responsibilities into legislative, executive, and judicial branches

Natural rights

Rights believed to be inherent to human beings, influencing U.S. government structure

Consent of the governed

Principle that government's legitimacy comes from the consent of the people

Federalism

System with federal & state governments sharing power

Republicanism

Idea of representative government

Constitution of 1789

Document expanding federal power, creating branches

Checks and Balances

System ensuring no branch becomes too powerful

Federalists

Supporters of the Constitution's ratification

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the Constitution's ratification

Bill of Rights

Added to the Constitution to protect individual rights

Shay's Rebellion

Rebellion under weak Articles of Confederation

Whiskey Rebellion

Rebellion over taxes under the Constitution

Federalist Papers

Essays advocating for the Constitution's ratification

Amendment Process

Requires three-fourths majority for changes

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws restricting immigrants and free speech

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Asserted states' right to nullify federal laws