APUSH Unit 2 Quiz 2

French and Indian War — Definition

1754–1763 war between Britain and France over North American territory; Britain’s victory left it in debt, leading to colonial taxes.

French and Indian War — Fill-in-the-blank

The war fought from 1754–1763 between Britain and France over control of North America was called the _.

French and Indian War — Explain/Apply

How did the outcome of the war contribute to colonial dissatisfaction with Britain?

Sugar Act — Definition

1764 law taxing sugar and molasses imports; enforced by admiralty courts without juries.

Sugar Act — Fill-in-the-blank

The law that taxed sugar and molasses and was strictly enforced by Britain was the _.

Sugar Act — Explain/Apply

Why did the Sugar Act anger colonists even though the tax was relatively low?

Stamp Act — Definition

1765 direct tax on printed materials; sparked widespread protests and “no taxation without representation.”

Stamp Act — Fill-in-the-blank

The 1765 tax requiring stamps on newspapers, legal documents, and other printed goods was called the _.

Stamp Act — Explain/Apply

How did the Stamp Act help unite the colonies in protest?

Declaratory Act — Definition

1766 act asserting Parliament’s authority to make laws for the colonies in “all cases whatsoever.”

Declaratory Act — Fill-in-the-blank

The act asserting Parliament’s complete authority over the colonies was the _.

Declaratory Act — Explain/Apply

Why did colonists fear the Declaratory Act even after the Stamp Act was repealed?

Townshend Acts — Definition

1767 import taxes on glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea; used to pay royal officials.

Townshend Acts — Fill-in-the-blank

The law that placed duties on imported goods such as glass, paper, and tea was called the _.

Townshend Acts — Explain/Apply

How did colonists resist the Townshend Acts?

Boston Massacre — Definition

1770 event where British soldiers killed five colonists; fueled anti-British propaganda.

Boston Massacre — Fill-in-the-blank

The event in 1770 where British soldiers fired on colonists was called the _.

Boston Massacre — Explain/Apply

How did the Boston Massacre help unite colonists against Britain?

Boston Tea Party — Definition

1773 protest dumping British tea into Boston Harbor in opposition to the Tea Act.

Boston Tea Party — Fill-in-the-blank

Colonists protested the Tea Act by dumping British tea into the harbor during the _.

Boston Tea Party — Explain/Apply

Why did the Boston Tea Party escalate tensions with Britain?

Intolerable Acts — Definition

1774 laws punishing Massachusetts for the Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor and limited self-government.

Intolerable Acts — Fill-in-the-blank

The British laws punishing Massachusetts for the Tea Party were called the _.

Intolerable Acts — Explain/Apply

How did the Intolerable Acts push colonies toward revolution?

Committees of Correspondence — Definition

Colonial networks exchanging letters and coordinating resistance to Britain.

Committees of Correspondence — Fill-in-the-blank

The networks that allowed colonies to communicate and organize protests were called _.

Committees of Correspondence — Explain/Apply

Why were these committees important for colonial unity?

First Continental Congress — Definition

1774 meeting of 12 colonies to coordinate resistance to the Intolerable Acts and petition the king.

First Continental Congress — Fill-in-the-blank

The 1774 meeting of colonies to organize resistance was the _.

First Continental Congress — Explain/Apply

How did this Congress strengthen colonial unity?

Lexington and Concord — Definition

April 1775 battles starting the Revolutionary War when British troops attempted to seize colonial weapons.

Lexington and Concord — Fill-in-the-blank

The first battles of the Revolution were fought at and .

Lexington and Concord — Explain/Apply

Why are these battles called “the shot heard round the world”?

Olive Branch Petition — Definition

1775 colonial plea for peace and loyalty to King George III, rejected by him.

Olive Branch Petition — Fill-in-the-blank

The final colonial peace offer before the Revolution was the _.

Olive Branch Petition — Explain/Apply

How did the king’s rejection influence the push for independence?

Common Sense — Definition

1776 pamphlet by Thomas Paine advocating independence from Britain and republican government.

Common Sense — Fill-in-the-blank

The pamphlet urging independence from Britain written by Thomas Paine was _.

Common Sense — Explain/Apply

How did Common Sense change colonial attitudes toward independence?

Declaration of Independence — Definition

1776 document declaring the colonies independent and listing grievances against King George III; emphasized natural rights.

Declaration of Independence — Fill-in-the-blank

The document asserting independence and listing grievances against the king was the _.

Declaration of Independence — Explain/Apply

How did Enlightenment ideas influence the Declaration?

Declaration of Independence — Extra Question

What were the main grievances listed against King George III?

Declaration of Independence — Extra Question

How did it redefine the purpose of government?

Natural Rights — Definition

Enlightenment idea that individuals have inherent rights to life, liberty, and property.

Natural Rights — Fill-in-the-blank

Rights that all individuals are born with and that governments must protect are called _.

Natural Rights — Explain/Apply

How did natural rights justify rebellion against Britain?

Patrick Henry — Definition

Virginia revolutionary known for “Give me liberty or give me death!” speech advocating independence.

Patrick Henry — Fill-in-the-blank

The revolutionary from Virginia who declared “Give me liberty or give me death!” was _.

Patrick Henry — Explain/Apply

How did his speeches inspire revolutionary sentiment?

Ben Franklin — Definition

Founding Father, diplomat, inventor, and key figure in securing French support during the Revolution.

Ben Franklin — Fill-in-the-blank

The diplomat who helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris and secured French support was _.

Ben Franklin — Explain/Apply

How did Franklin’s diplomacy affect the outcome of the war?

Carolina Regulators — Definition

1760s South Carolina settlers protesting corrupt local officials and unfair taxation.

Carolina Regulators — Fill-in-the-blank

Settlers in South Carolina who protested local corruption were called _.

Carolina Regulators — Explain/Apply

How did their actions foreshadow revolutionary unrest?

George III — Definition

King of Britain during the American Revolution; resisted colonial appeals for reconciliation.

George III — Fill-in-the-blank

The British king during the Revolution was _.

George III — Explain/Apply

How did his policies contribute to the outbreak of war?

Bunker/Breed’s Hill — Definition

1775 battle demonstrating that colonial militias could stand up to British troops, though colonists lost the hill.

Bunker/Breed’s Hill — Fill-in-the-blank

The 1775 battle showing colonial resilience despite a British victory was _.

Bunker/Breed’s Hill — Explain/Apply

Why was this battle important for colonial morale?

Sons of Liberty — Definition

Secret colonial organization resisting British policies through protests and sometimes violence.

Sons of Liberty — Fill-in-the-blank

The organization that led protests and resistance against British taxes was _.

Sons of Liberty — Explain/Apply

How did they contribute to revolutionary unity?

Daughters of Liberty — Definition

Women who supported boycotts and produced goods to resist British imports.

Daughters of Liberty — Fill-in-the-blank

Women who helped enforce boycotts and produce homemade goods were called _.

Daughters of Liberty — Explain/Apply

How did women contribute to colonial resistance?

Albany Conference — Definition

1754 meeting to coordinate colonial defense and relations with Native Americans; Franklin proposed colonial union.

Albany Conference — Fill-in-the-blank

The 1754 meeting for colonial coordination during the French and Indian War was the _.

Albany Conference — Explain/Apply

How did Franklin’s “Join or Die” cartoon relate to this conference?

Pontiac — Definition

Ottawa leader who led a 1763 Native American rebellion against British postwar policies.

Pontiac — Fill-in-the-blank

The Native American leader of the 1763 uprising was _.

Pontiac — Explain/Apply

How did Pontiac’s Rebellion influence British colonial policy?

East India Company — Definition

British company given monopoly on tea sales, leading to colonial protests like the Boston Tea Party.

East India Company — Fill-in-the-blank

The British company that received a monopoly on tea sales was the _.

East India Company — Explain/Apply

Why did the Tea Act anger colonists while benefiting the company?

John Adams — Definition

Lawyer, patriot, diplomat, second president, defended British soldiers after Boston Massacre.

John Adams — Fill-in-the-blank

The patriot who defended British soldiers after the Boston Massacre was _.

John Adams — Explain/Apply

How did Adams’ actions show commitment to justice?

Thomas Jefferson — Definition

Primary author of the Declaration of Independence; advocate for republican government.

Thomas Jefferson — Fill-in-the-blank

The main author of the Declaration of Independence was _.

Thomas Jefferson — Explain/Apply

How did Jefferson incorporate Enlightenment ideas into the Declaration?

Thomas Paine — Definition

Author of Common Sense and The American Crisis, inspiring independence and morale.

Thomas Paine — Fill-in-the-blank

The writer of Common Sense was _.

Thomas Paine — Explain/Apply

Why were his pamphlets effective in persuading colonists?

George Washington — Definition

Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army; first U.S. president.

George Washington — Fill-in-the-blank

The commander of the Continental Army was _.

George Washington — Explain/Apply

How did Washington’s leadership shape the Revolution and early government?

Alexander Hamilton — Definition

Founding Father, Federalist, first Secretary of the Treasury, advocated strong central government.

Alexander Hamilton — Fill-in-the-blank

The first Secretary of the Treasury and

Federalist leader was _.

Alexander Hamilton — Explain/Apply

How did Hamilton’s policies strengthen the new nation?

James Madison — Definition

“Father of the Constitution,” co-author of the Federalist Papers, key in drafting Bill of Rights.

James Madison — Fill-in-the-blank

The “Father of the Constitution” was _.

James Madison — Explain/Apply

How did Madison balance state and federal interests at the Constitutional Convention?

Separation of Powers — Definition

Principle dividing government into legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

Separation of Powers — Fill-in-the-blank

The system dividing government into three branches is called _.

Separation of Powers — Explain/Apply

How does this system prevent abuse of power?

Federalists — Definition

Supporters of the Constitution; favored a strong central government.