CSF

3 layers of brain

DAP

• Dura mater

• Arachnoid mater

• Pia mater

CSF reasborption

20mL/hr

Site of collection for babies and adults (CSF)

L3-L4 = Adults

L4-L5 = Babies

CSF total volume for adults and neonates

Adults: 90-150mL

Neonates: 10-60mL

D-dimer is positive in Traumatic Tap or Intracranial Hemorrhage

Intracranial hemorrhage

WBC diluting fluid for CSF

3% Acetic acid with methylene blue

Dilution for:

• Bloody/turbid

1:10,000

Dilution for:

• Cloudy/Slightly bloody

1:200

Dilution for:

• Slightly hazy

1:10

Addition of _ in CSF increases cell yield or recovery

30% albumin

Predominant WBCs in CSF

70% lymphocytes; 30% lymphocytes

Increased or Decreased CSF protein:

• Meningitis

• Hemorrhage

Increased CSF protein

Increased or Decreased CSF protein:

• Multiple sclerosi

Increased CSF protein

Increased or Decreased CSF protein:

• recent puncture

Decreased CSF protein

Major CSF protein

Albumin

Ig not found in normal CSF

IgM

Preferred method of CSF protein determination

3% Trichloroacetic acid

+2 or more oligoclonal bands in CSF electrophoresis is indicative of _

Multiple sclerosis

Better resolution of CSF electrophoresis is associated with what staining

Silver staining

These disorders are associated with Oligoclonal banding in CSF BUT NOT IN SERUM

MS NENG

• Multiple Sclerosis

• Neurosyphilis

• Encephalitis

• Neoplastic disorders

• Guillain-Barre syndrome

Disease associated with Oligoclonal banding in Seurm and CSF

HIV

Protein component of the lipid-protein complex that insulates the nerve fibers

MBP (myelin basic protein)

Parameter measured to monitor the course of MS

MBP (myelin basic protein)

Specimen for blood glucose should be drawn how many hours PRIOR to spinal tap

2 hours

CSF glucose is how many % of blood glucose

60-70%

CSF glucose is normal in what type of meningitis

Viral meningitis

Relationship of CSF lactate and CSF glucose

Inverse

CSF lactate is normal in what type of meningitis

Viral meningitis

Indirect test for the presence of excess ammonia in CSF

CSF glutamine

Recommended test by CDC for the detection of neurosyphilis

VDRL

Limulus Lysate test detects what type of bacteria and what toxin

Gram (-) endotoxin

WBCs increased in Fungal and TB meningitis

Lymphocytes and Monocytes

Positive reaction of LAL (Limulus Lysate test)

Clumping or clot formation

Between TCA and SSA for CSF protein determination, which precipitates ALBUMIN ONLY

SSA

Dye used to visualize presence of protein in CSF protein

Coomassie brilliant blue

CSF LDH amount if indicative of Bacterial meningitis

5>4>3>2>1

Dilution of CSF for Slightly cloudy

1:100

CSF dilution of Cloudy specimen

1:200

Bloody / Turbid CSF dilution

1:10,000

Physical examination on CSF is done on what tube number

Tube 3

D-dimer is (+) in Intracranial Hemorrhage or Traumatic Tap

Intracranial hemorrhage

Oligoclonal banding in CSF but NOT in serum

MS NENG

• Multiple Sclerosis

• Neurosyphilis

• Encephalitis

• NTDs

• Guillain-Barre syndrome