Chapter 27 & 28: Diversification of Eukaryotes and Green Plants

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts from Chapters 27 and 28, focusing on the diversity of eukaryotes and the classification and importance of green plants.

Eukaryotes

Organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike prokaryotes.

Protists

Eukaryotic organisms that are not animals, plants, or fungi and vary widely in form and function.

Asexual reproduction

A type of reproduction that results in offspring genetically identical to the parent.

Endosymbiosis

A symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives inside the cells of another organism.

Chloroplast

Organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis.

Gymnosperms

Seed-producing plants that have seeds unprotected by an ovary or fruit.

Angiosperms

Plants that produce flowers and seeds enclosed within a fruit.

Vascular tissue

Tissue in vascular plants responsible for the transport of water and nutrients.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from male anthers to female stigma in flowers.

Carbon cycle

The cycle of carbon atoms through the atmosphere, land, and oceans, involving processes like photosynthesis and respiration.

Algal blooms

Rapid increase in the population of algae in water bodies, which can lead to harmful environmental effects.

Synapomorphy

A shared derived characteristic that distinguishes a group of organisms.

Plankton

Small and microscopic organisms drifting or floating in water.

Multicellularity

The state of being composed of multiple cells, contrasted with unicellular organisms.

Diversity in Structure

Variations in the physical makeup of organisms, such as cell walls and support structures.

Environmental conditions

Various physical and biological factors that can affect living organisms in an environment.