Reversible reactions

Reversible reaction

Where the products of the reaction can react with each other and convert back to the original reactants.

Equilibrium

The forwards and backwards reactions occurs simultaneously and the concentration of the reactants and products remain constant.

Closed system

None of the reactants and products can escape

Dynamic equilibrium

When forwards and backwards reactions occurs at the same rate, no change in concentration

Equilibrium is achieved when

the concentration of products and reactants are constant however does not mean they’re the same

Equilibrium on the right side

more concentration in the products

Equilibrium on the left side

More concentration in the reactants

Catalyst affect

Has no effect on the position of the equilibrium. It speeds up the forward reaction and the backward reaction by the same amount.

Temperature effects

If raise temperature, endothermic reaction will increase to absorb the heat

If reduce temperature, exothermic reaction will increase to give out more heat.

Pressure effects

If raise the pressure, it will encourage the reaction which produces fewer moles of gas

If lower the pressure, it will encourage the reaction which produces more moles of gas

Exothermic

A chemical reaction in which heat energy is given out

Endothermic

A chemical reaction in which heat energy is taken in

Observation if hydrated copper sulfate is heated

Colour change from blue to white and steam given off