PNS Fill In Final

Visceral afferent cell bodies are locatied in the _____ or relevant cranial nerve ganglion

posterior root ganglion

Visceral afferent neurons are ____

unipolar

Sympathetic afferents may travel through sympathetic trunk and to the spinal ganglia by passing through _____

WRC

Parasympathetic afferents travel in sacral spinal nerves and ____ and ____

CN IX ; CN X

_______ fibers are carried in the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus cranial nerves, and sacral spinal nerves 2-4

preganglionic parasympathetic

Parasympathetics are cholinergic and release ___

ACh

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers extend to effector organs that function to: ______ cardiac output, ______ the bronchial tree, _______ the pupils, _______ peristalsis

decrease, constrict, constrict, stimulate

CN III, VII and IX supply structures in the ____

head

____ will supply cardiac, respiratory and digestive structures in the neck, thorax and abdomen

CN X

S2-S4 supply the distal parts of the ____ and ____

digestive system ; urogenital system

S2-S4 carry ____ nerves

pelvic splanchnic

The oculomotor nerve follows a path into the orbit and synapses in the _____

ciliary ganglion

Postganglionic axons carried in short ciliary nerves of the oculomor nerve enter the eyeball and supply what 2 muscles?

ciliaris and sphincter pupillae

(TQ) Contractions of the ciliaris muscle make the lens more ____ to focus on closer objects

convex

(TQ) Contractions of the sphincter pupillae ____ the size of the pupil

decrease

Preganglionic cell bodies of the facial nerve are located in the:

superior salivary nucleus

Preganglionic parasympathetics exit the CNS in the intermediate nerve and are carried in what 2 branches of the facial nerve?

greater petrosal nerve and chorda tympani

The _____ nerve only carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers

greater petrosal

True or False? NO synapses take place in the geniculate ganglion

true

The greater petrosal nerve ultimately synapses in the _____ ganglion

pterygopalatine

Postganglionic fibers of the greater petrosal nerve are distributed to the ____ and other nerves to reach the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands

lacrimal

The chorda tympani carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and ____ fibers

taste

(TQ) After the chorda tympani leaves the temporal bone through the pterygotympanic fissure, it combines with the lingual nerve, a branch of the ____ of the trigeminal nerve

mandibular division

Postganglionic fibers from the chorda tympani travel to ____ and ____ glands

submandibular ; sublingual

(TQ) The tympanic nerve carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the _____

inferior salivary nucleus

(TQ) Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers pass through the tympanic plexus and reform as the ______

lesser petrosal nerve

(TQ) Fibers of the lesser petrosal nerve synapse in the ____

otic ganglion

(TQ) Other visceral afferents are carried in the carotid branch of the _____ from baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and chemoreceptors in the carotid body

glossopharyngeal nerve

Postganglionic cells of the vagus nerve are located in what structures?

myocardium, submucosal plexus, myenteric plexus

(TQ) Paraysmpathetic impulses of the vagus nerve will inhibit the myocardium and ____ the coronary arteries

constrict

(TQ) Parasympathetic impulses of the vagus nerve result in contriction of bronchial tree and ____ secretions of bronchial glands

increase

Submucosal plexus is also called ____

meissner's

Myenteric plexus is also called ____

auerbach's

Parasympathetic stimulation of the vagus in the stomach results in contraction of smooth muscle and secretion of ____

gastric juices

(TQ) Muscular layer of the upper 1/3 of the esophagus is composed of ____

skeletal muscle

True or False? There are no parasympathetics or autonomic fibers located in the upper 1/3 of the esophagus

true

(TQ) Pathways of the vagus to the abdominal structures shows the importance of ____ of vermiform appendix

nociceptors

Motor supply from the vagus to the kidney is strictly ____

sympathetic

Cell bodies of sympathetic fibers from the vagus that supply the kidneys are located in the _____

inferior (nodose) ganglion

Like the kidneys, parasympathetic supply to the liver is primarily ____

afferent

S2-S4 sacral sympathetics are carried inferiorly in the _____

cauda equina

(TQ) Pelvic splanchnic nerves of S2-S4 travel to the _____

inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus

(TQ) Preganglionic fibers of S2-S4 nerves travel through the inferior hypogastric plexus to reach the superior hypogastric and ______ by way of the hypogastric nerve

inferior mesenteric plexuses

(TQ) Preganglionic sympathetic fibers exit the cord in _____

anterior rootlets

Some preganglionic fibers pass through the sympathetic trunk to be carried in splanchnic nerves to synapse in prevertebral plexuses associated with ______

abdominopelvic viscera

(TQ) Pelvic splanchnic nerves carry _____ fibers

preganglionic sympathetic

Sympathetic trunk carry ____ and ____ fibers

ascending ; descending

(TQ) Sympathetic trunk extends from superior cervical ganglion inferior to ______

ganglion impar

There are ___ sympathetic ganglia

21-22

The only way for there to be 21 sympathetic ganglia is if the inferior cervical and 1st thoracic ganglia fuse togehter, which is called a _____ ganglion

stellate

Sympathetic trunks lie on the anterior aspect of the sacrum, eventually joining at the level of the coccyx to form the _____

ganglion impar

True or False? Cervical sympathetic trunk and ganglia have no WRC

true

(TQ) Superior cervical ganglia are located at the level of C2-C3 between carotid sheath and _____ muscles

longus capitis

Superior cervical ganglia is the ____ of the cervical sympathetic ganglia

largest

Lateral branches of superior cervical ganglia are the _____

GRC

(TQ) Lateral branches of superior cervical ganglia communicate with anterior primary rami of C1-C4 as well as CN ___, ___ and ___

IX ; X ; XII

Medial branches of the superior cervical ganglia travel to the larynx, pharynx and heart, and carry ____ information only

efferent

Anterior branches of the superior cervical ganglia follow common and external carotid arteries innervating blood vessels that supply structures inside and outside the ____

skull

Middle cervical ganglia are the ____ of the sympathetic ganglia

smallest

(TQ) Middle cervical ganglia communicates with the anterior primary rami of _____ via the gray ramus communicans

C5-C6

(TQ) Thyroid branches of the middle cervical ganglia reach the ____ and _____ glands

thyroid ; parathyroid

(TQ) Inferior cervical ganglia many times fuses with _____ to form a stellate ganglion

1st thoracic ganglion

Branches of the inferior cervical ganglion are sent to the subclavian artery and form plexuses around it and its branches, principally the ____ and ____ artery

axillary ; vertebral

(TQ) All 12 thoracic nerves have a ____ and a ____

WRC ; GRC

The 3 splanchnic nerves asociated with the lower 7 segments of the thoracic sympathetic trunk carry _____ fibers to plexuses int he abdominal and pelvic cavities

preganglionic sympathetic

(TQ) Greater splanchnic nerve is formed from T5-T9 and terminates in the _____

celiac ganglion

(TQ) Lesser splanchnic nerve is fromed from T9/T10 or T10/T11 and ends in the _____

aorticorenal ganglion

(TQ) Least splanchnic nerve is formed by T12 fibers and terminates in the ____

renal plexus

The lumbar sympathetic trunk and ganglia lie in the _____ on the lateral aspects of the lumbar vertebral bodies

retroperitoneal space

2-4 lumbar splanchnic nerves carry _____ axons to the plexus surrounding the abdominal aorta

preganglionic

The sacral sympathetic trunk and ganglia lie on the ____ aspect of the sacrum medial to the anterior sacral foramina

anterior

T1 and T2 supply the _____, ascend and synapse in superior cervical ganglion

head and neck

T1-T4 suply the ____

heart

T2-T4 supply the ____ and synapse in the 2nd and 4th thoracic ganglia

lungs

T3-T7 supply the _____, fibers ascend to middle cervical and inferir cervical/stellate ganglia where they synapse

upper extremities

T5-T12 supply _____ and may synapse in lower thoracic ganglia

abdominal viscera

(TQ) T5-T12 may pass through the sympathetic trunk to be carried by:

greater, lesser and least splanchnic nerves

T10-L2 supply ____, descend to ganglia in lower thoracic, lumbar and the pelvic areas

pelvic viscera

T10-L2 supply ____ extremities, descend to synapse with L2 through S4 ganglia

lower

T12 supplies the _____

kidney

What 3 types of fibers will the postganglionic sympathetic fibers be?

1. vasomotor

2. sudomotor

3. pilomotor

Direct branches of the sympathetic trunk that travel to the viscera likely have what effects?

-constrict blood vessels

-dilate bronchial tree

-stimulate glandular secretion

-dilate pupils

-inhibit digestive activity

-increase cardiac output

The superior cervical ganglion sends branches to:

-glossopharyngeal nerve

-vagus nerve

-hypoglossal nerve

(TQ) The _____ forms the internal carotid plexus

lateral internal carotid nerve

Postganglionic fibers form the deep petrosal nerve, which combines with the greater petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the _____

pterygoid canal

(TQ) _____ nerves combine with tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve to form tympanic plexus and supply glands and bold vessels of the middle ear

caroticotympanic

(TQ) Medial internal carotid nerve forms the ______

cavernous plexus

(TQ) ____ also receives some postganglionc sympathetic fibers from the cavernous plexus

pituitary gland

What are the 2 branches from the cervical sympathetic trunk that travel directly to visceral structures?

1. laryngeopharyngeal branches

2. cardiac branches

(TQ) Laryngeopharyngeal branches are from the _____

superior cervical ganglion

Sympathetic stimulation will ____ HR and dilate the coronary arteries

increase

Fibers from the lesser splanchnic nerve reach some of the same abdominal structures that the greater splanchnic nerve supplies with the addition of the _____

suprarenal glands

Branches from the lumbar sympathetic trunk that accompany blood vessels follow the abdominal aorta as far as the _____ and _____

medial sacral artery ; common iliac arteries

(TQ) Lumbar splanchnic nerves supply pelvic viscera via the superior and inferior hypogastric and the _____

inferior mesenteric plexuses

(TQ) ____ splanchnic nerves supply the pelvic viscera via the inferior mesenteric plexus

sacral

The main contribution to the esophageal plexus is from the ____ and _____ nerves that synapse on postganglionic cells in the wall of the esophagus

vagus ; recurrent laryngeal

Thoracic aortic plexus receives contributions from:

-vagus nerve

-greater splanchnic nerve

-T1 - T5 sympathetic ganglia

The vagus nerve contributes ___ and ____ afferent fibers to the thoracic aortic plexus

sensory ; visceral

The greater splanchnic nerve contributes _____ fibers to the thoracic aortic plexus

symapthetic

T1-T5 sympathetic ganglia contribute ____ fibers to the thoracic aortic plexus

vascular