AP World Unit 1

Song Dynasty

Chinese dynasty (960

Confucianism

A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct.

Filial Piety

In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors.

Neo

Confucianism

Theravada Buddhism

the oldest of the two major branches of Buddhism. Practiced mainly in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, and Cambodia, its beliefs are relatively conservative, holding close to the original teachings of the Buddha

Mahayana Buddhism

Branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia. Focused on enlightenment for all and that those who achieve enlightenment can then turn and guide others to enlightenment.

Champa Rice

Quick

Grand Canal

The 1,100

Seljuk Empire

Turkic empire ruled by sultans in Persia and modern

Iraq (11th and 12th centuries); Established Turks as major ethnic group carrying Islam across Eurasia, along with Arabs and Persians; Demonstrated weakness of Abbasid caliphate in its later

years; sultans held real power in the empire; Helped to spread the influence of Islam throughout the region

Delhi Sultanate

The first Islamic government established within India from 1206

Abbasid Caliphate

(750

House of Wisdom in Baghdad

Large Islamic

Bhakti Movement

An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity.

Sufism

An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God

Feudalism

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

Vassal

a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he or she owes allegiance

Serf

an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on their lord's manor.

Manorialism

Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self

Great Zimbabwe

A powerful state in the African interior that traded with the Swahili city

Maya city

states

Meritocracy

government or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability; used in China via the Civil Service Exam

Zen Buddhism

(also called Chen) a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition; illustrates the adaptations Buddhism made as it spread to new areas and interacted with different cultures

Mit'a System

economic system in Inca society where people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced; men and women were expected to contribute this labor to the state yearly

Chinampas

Floating gardens constructed along lake shores by the Mexica/Aztecs to increase agricultural yields.

Waru Waru Agriculture

A form of farming used in the Inca Empire; divided the hills into terraces or flat steps almost like steps; they could then control the amount of water being put into those places; led to vastly improved agriculture for the Incas

three

field system

Fief

land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service

Hausa Kingdoms

1 kingdom divided into 7 states that were connected through kinship, blood, or ethnic ties; had no main central authority but rather ruled each state separate from one another;mainly benefited economically from the trans

Ghana

First known kingdom in sub

Vijayanagara Empire

Southern Indian kingdom (1336

Aztecs

Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325

Dar al

Islam

Civil Service Exam

In China, it was an exam based on Confucian teachings that was used to select people for various government service jobs in the bureaucracy.

Khmer Empire

Southeast Asian kingdom known for its impressive architecture and art, was strongly influenced by Mahayana Buddhism in the 12th

Caste System

A hierarchical system along which many South Asians structured society; historically associated with Hinduism

Inca

Largest and most powerful Andean empire with an agricultural based economy; religions was highly influential

Swahili city states

City coasts that actively participated in Indian Ocean trade along the East coast of the African continent; cross contact from trade created the Swahili language that came from a blend of Bantu (indigenous) and Arabic

Foot Binding

Chinese practice of tightly wrapping girls' feet to keep them small, begun in the Tang dynasty; an emphasis on small size and delicacy was central to views of female beauty.