Laws.Of.Motion.6
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35 Terms
What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?
An object remains at rest or moves at constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force.
What is another name for Newton’s First Law?
The Law of Inertia.
What is inertia?
The tendency of an object to resist changes in motion.
Which has greater inertia: a truck or a bicycle?
The truck, because it has greater mass.
What is the formula for Newton’s Second Law?
F=ma
What happens to acceleration if force increases while mass stays constant?
Acceleration increases.
What happens to acceleration if mass increases while force stays constant?
Acceleration decreases.
What are the SI units of force?
Newtons (N).
What is 1 newton?
The force needed to accelerate a 1 kg object at 1 m/s².
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
Do action-reaction forces act on the same object?
No, they act on different objects.
Why does a book resting on a table not move?
The upward normal force balances the downward gravitational force.
What is net force?
The overall force acting on an object after combining all forces.
What happens when the net force on an object is zero?
The object stays at rest or moves with constant velocity.
What happens when the net force on an object is not zero?
The object accelerates.
What force pulls objects toward Earth?
Gravity.
What is the formula for weight?
W=mg
What does “g” represent in the weight formula?
Acceleration due to gravity (about 9.8 m/s² on Earth).
What is friction?
A force that opposes motion between surfaces in contact.
What type of friction acts on moving objects?
Kinetic friction.
What type of friction prevents motion from starting?
Static friction.
What force keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?
Gravitational force.
Why do passengers lurch forward when a car suddenly stops?
Because of inertia.
If two equal forces act in opposite directions, what is the net force?
Zero.
Why is it easier to push an empty cart than a full cart?
The empty cart has less mass and therefore less inertia.
What is the normal force?
The support force exerted by a surface on an object.
In action-reaction pairs, are the forces equal in size?
Yes, equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.
Why can rockets move in space even without air?
Rockets push gases backward, and the gases push the rocket forward according to Newton’s Third Law.
Weight
The gravitational force acting on an object
Gravity
It is the attractive force between masses
Acceleration
Rate at which velocity changes
Terminal Velocity
It is the constant speed reached when the air resistance is equal to the gravitational force
It is the quantity of motion an object has
Momentum
displacement
It is the change in position of an object from start to finish
distance
it is the total length travelled without direction