General Questions

Why is providing protein wrong for pts with Parkinson’s taking levodopa-carbidopa?

Protein reduces levo-carbi absorption, making the medication less effective.

TRAP Parkinson’s

Tremors
Rigidity
Akinesia (Imparied voluntary movement)
Postural instability

Impetigo

Contagious bacterial skin infection that can happen in children
Hallmark finding: HONEY-COLORED CRUSTS

Nitrofurantoin

Used for UTIs
ADVERSE EFFECTS: COUGH, Muscle weakness, FEVER

Mag Sulfate

Smooth muscle relaxant that can improve respiratory function
PREVENTS SEIZURES IN PREECLAMPSIA

Otitis Media (and how to hold pinna), and ocmplications

Middle Ear inflammation
FOR CHILDREN, PINNA DOWN AND BACK BC THEY SHORT
If sudden pain relief, RUPTURED EARDRUM
Mastoiditis: pain/swelling behind ear
Anything involving nasal swelling increases chance of Otitis media

Sulfonylureas

Glipizide, glyburide

Increase insulin from pancreas
CONTRA: ALCOHOL

Biguanides

Metformin
Decrease LIVER GLUCOSE MAKE

low chance of hypoglycemia
LACTIC ACIDOSIS
LA symptoms are like if you are running too much at once

Semaglutide, Saxagliptin

GLP-1/DDP-4 meds
INCREASE PANCREATITIS RISK

SGLT-2 Inhibitors

-gliflozin

increases risk for genital/urinary tract infections
Increases risk for dehydration
SUCK GLIZZY LICK TWAT (to remember genital/urinary infection probs)

Acarbose

Acarbose
at first carbs

eat with first bite

TZD

-litazone

Thiazolidinediones

Increases insulin sensitivity

FAKE ALDOSTERONE, SO CAUSES OTHER SYMPTOMS

What is stomach acid a part of

Stomach acid is a part of immunity, and anything affecting it could be considered an weak immunosuppresant

Colonoscopy/EGD complications

WATCH FOR BOWEL PERF, NPO UNTIL GAG REFLEX

What 7 things increase falls risk?

Impaired mobility
Impaired balance
Impaired mental status
Impaired sensory perception
Impaired bowel/bladder function
Environmental Hazards
Chronic Conditions

Alendronate

inhibits bone resorption, increasing bone density
watch for esophageal irritation
WATCH FOR CALCIUM/VIT D DEFICITS, MAKE SURE THEY STAY NORMAL
Do not double dose

Risk Factors for STIs

5 Ps
Partner number
Practices (Anal, unprotected)
Protection, barrier mode
Past history of STIs
Pregnancy desire

COPD-related Respiratory acidosis: how to treat?

NPPV (BiPAP) effectively reverses respiratory acidosis by allowing body to blow off CO2

Are all RAAS meds teratogenic?

Yes

Indomethacin

Tocolytic used to stop/slow premature labor contractions by inhibiting prostoglandins
ONLY GIVE for 48-72 hrs and BEFORE 32 WEEKS GESTATION

Phenylephrine

Alpha-adrenergic nasal decongestant

create instant, almost short-term relief from nausea through instant vasoconstriction
REBOUND CONGESTION if used long term

Reye’s syndrome

Reye - liver/brain swelling from ASPIRIN USE IN CHILDREN WITH VIRAL ILLNESS
increases coag time
increased ICP

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

progressive muscle degeneration
no cure, only symptom management
GOWER’s SIGN: walks up hands and legs to get to a standing position

Theophylline

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
CHECK SERUM BLOOD LEVELS TO SEE IF IT WORKS
AVOID CAFFEINE - potentiates toxicity effects

Theophylline toxicity symptoms

Dysrhythmias
seizures

cardiorespiratory collapse