UNIT 2 AOS 1

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11 Terms

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Heterozygous

Having two different alleles for a particular gene. This genetic condition results in a diverse combination of traits in an individual.

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Homozygous

Having two identical alleles for a particular gene. A homozygous individual will have either two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles for that gene.

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Genetic material

Refers to all the DNA in a cell

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If a section of DNA contains 20% thymine, calculate the percentage of cytosine in this section.

In DNA, the percentage of adenine (A) equals thymine (T) and the percentage of cytosine (C) equals guanine (G). Therefore, if thymine is 20%, adenine is also 20%, totaling 40% for A and T. This leaves 60% for C and G, so the percentage of cytosine is 30%.

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Homologous

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Homologous

Homologous chromosomes refer to pairs of chromosomes that have the same genes at the same loci (locations).

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Diploid

2n = 2 sets of chromosomes, 46 chromosomes total

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Haploid

n = 1 set of chromosomes, 23 chromosomes total

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Allele

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Gene

A gene is a segment that codes for a specific trait, such as eye colour (allele then determnes the the variation