8

Appendicular Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, pelvis, femur, patella, fibula, tibia, tarsals, metatarsalas and phalanges

Pectoral Girdle

Made up of the scapula and clavicle.

Sternoclavicular Joint

Formed by the medial rounded end of the clavicle articulating with the manubrium of the sternum.

Acromioclavicular Joint

Formed by the acromion process of the scapula and the acromial end of the clavicle.

Glenohumeral Joint

Formed by the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus.

structures found on scapula

corocoid process, glenoid cavity, supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, subscapularis

Coracoid Process

A projection on the anterior surface of the scapula for tendon and ligament attachment.

glenoid cavity

shallow depression that articulates with the head of the humerus (forms glenohumeral joint)

Supraspinous Fossa

A fossa on the scapula for the attachment of the supraspinatus muscle.

Infraspinous Fossa

A fossa on the scapula for the attachment of the infraspinatus muscle.

Subscapular Fossa

Anterior surface of the scapula where the subscapularis muscle attaches.

attachment of subscapularis muscle

anterior surface of scapula is the attachment of subscapularis muscle

structures of Elbow Joint

Formed by the olecranon process of the ulna and the olecranon fossa of the humerus.

Humeroradial Joint

Formed by the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus.

Humeroulnar Joint

Formed by the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna.

structures of humerus

surgical neck, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, medial and later epicondyles

Surgical Neck of Humerus

Constriction just distal to the tubercles where the head tapers to the shaft.

Coronoid Fossa

Anterior depression on the humerus that receives the coronoid process of the ulna.

Olecranon Fossa

Large posterior depression on the humerus that receives the olecranon of the ulna.

the radius and ulna connect in 3 locations

• Interosseous membrane joins shafts (fibrous joint)

• Head of radius articulates with ulna’s radial notch at proximal end (bony joints)

• Head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of radius distally (bony joints)

Proximal Radioulnar Joint

Formed by the radial notch of the ulna and the head of the radius.

Distal Radioulnar Joint

Formed by the ulnar notch of the radius and the head of the ulna.

Styloid Process

Structure on the ulna that stabilizes the wrist.

Carpals

Eight wrist bones including scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate.

Phalanges

Fourteen bones in each hand.

metacarpals

5 bones in each hand (long bones)

Which 2 carpal bones articulate with the radius

scaphoid and lunate

what 8 bones make up the wrist/carpals?

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Upper Arm & lower arm

Upper arm Comprised of the humerus; Lower arm:Comprised of the radius and ulna.

Upper Leg and lower leg

Comprised of the femur; Lower Leg:Comprised of the tibia and fibula.

Pelvic Girdle

Formed by the ilium, pubis, and ischium.

Pubic Symphysis is made up of what cartilage?

Made of fibrocartilage.

Sacroiliac Joint

Formed by the auricular surface of the ilium and the iliac facet of the sacrum.

Tibiofemoral Joint

Formed by the condyles of the femur articulating with the condyles of the tibia.

type of bone is the Patella

A sesamoid bone.

Hip Movements

Include flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and internal-external rotation.

Proximal End of Femur

Articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone.

Distal End of Femur

Articulates with the tibia and patella.

Proximal End of Tibia

Lateral and medial condyles articulate with the femur; tibial tuberosity is for patellar ligament attachment.

Distal End of Tibia

Medial malleolus articulates with the talus of the ankle and the fibula.

Function of Tibia

Weight-bearing bone of the leg;

Function of Fibula

:Stabilizes the ankle joint.

what bones articulate to form ankle joint

Formed by the medial malleolus of the tibia, lateral malleolus of the fibula, and the talus.

Tarsal Bones

7 bones; Include talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiforms.

(cassie takes naps 1st 2nd 3rd classes)

Metatarsals

5 middle bones called Metatarsals. Form arch of foot

Numbered 1 (big toe or hallux) – 5 (pinky toe)

Metatarsals articulate with 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd cuneiform bones and with the cuboid to form tarsometatarsal joints

Phalanges in Toes

Each toe (except the hallux- big toe) has three phalanges.

Medial Arch of Foot

Originates at calcaneus, rises to talus, descends through navicular and cuneiforms.

Lateral Arch of Foot

begins at calcaneus. It rises at cuboid and descends to the heads of the 2 lateral metatarsals

transverse arch

 

 

Found between medial and lateral aspects of the foot formed by navicular, 3 cuneiforms, and the bases of 5 metatarsals