Understanding Stress: GAS and Its Health Impacts

Who developed the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model?

Hans Selye

What are the three stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)?

Alarm Reaction, Resistance, and Exhaustion

What does the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model explain?

The body's response to prolonged stress

Alarm Reaction

The fight-or-flight response activates, releasing adrenaline and cortisol, increasing heart rate and alertness.

Resistance

The body attempts to adapt, maintaining energy and stress hormone levels.

Exhaustion

Prolonged stress depletes resources, weakening the immune system, leading to illness, fatigue, and burnout.

Weakened Immune System

Chronic stress suppresses immune function, increasing vulnerability to infections.

Cardiovascular Disease

Stress contributes to high blood pressure and heart disease, particularly in Type A individuals.

Mental Health Disorders

Stress is a major factor in anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances.

Digestive Issues

Stress can lead to ulcers, IBS, and other gastrointestinal problems.

Approach-Approach Conflict

Choosing between two positive options (least stressful). Example: Deciding between two great job offers.

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

Choosing between two negative options (most stressful). Example: Taking a difficult test or failing the class.

What is an Approach-Avoidance Conflict?

A decision that has both positive and negative aspects.

Give an example of an Approach-Avoidance Conflict.

Accepting a job promotion with a higher salary but more responsibilities.

Type A Personality

Competitive, impatient, aggressive → Higher stress levels, increased risk of heart disease.

Type B Personality

Relaxed, easygoing → Less likely to experience chronic stress.

Optimistic Thinking

Optimists have stronger immune systems and better stress management.

Pessimistic Thinking

Pessimists have a higher risk of heart disease and emotional distress.