1920 and 1930s unit test review

The republican formula was lower ______ + higher _______+ less _________________ = a strong economy

taxes, tariffs, government spending

why do you think republicans felt lower taxes would help the economy?

people would have more money to spend and businesses could have more to invest and create jobs

Why was the purpose of president hardings policy “Return to Normalcy”?

to stop the government from interfering with businesses

The ____________ scandal involved governemtn officials leasing oil rich lands in exchange for bribes 

Teapot Dome

Which president believed in the concept of “Rugged Individualism”

president Hoover

the 18th Amendment led to the rise of _____________

Organized Crime

Secret bars that sold alcohol were called ____________. These bars were created because of the ban on alcohol also known as ________

Speakeasies, Prohibition 

How did Americans opinion of the federal government change as a result of this scandal?

It made them have less trust in the government

The ___________ Amendment repealed the 18th amendment, making it legal to make, sell and consume alcohol again. 

21st

For whom did the standard of living improve during this time, and why?

Almost all americans, people worked fewer hours and earned higher wages.

How did Charles Lindbergh impact the aviation industry?

first to fly transatlantic flight led to commercial aviation, it is a business now

The assembly line (INCREASED/DECREASED) the production of manufactured goods, which (INCREASED/DECREASED) their cost and (INCREASED/DECRESAED) the consumption of those goods?

INCREASED, DECREASED, INCREASED. 

Why was John Scopes arrested?

He illegally taught evolution to his biology class

What was the modern view in this trial?

Scientific Theory

What was the traditional view of this trial?

wanted to stock to religious values

Explain how the great migration contributed to the Chicago Race Riot

More black people moved to the north and they were competing with white people for jobs which created tensions

What is Eugenics?

False scientific belief that the human race could be improved through hereditary traits

How did Eugenics lead to intolerance in America?

Sterilization laws, and immigration laws to keep out certain races

What is Social Darwinism?

Belief that survival of the fittest applies to peoples wealth

How did Social Darwinism lead to intolerance in America?

minorities and immigrating would be discriminated against for being poor

Growth of the Klu Klux Klan and how it was an example of intolerance in America

They discriminated against black people, catholics, jews and immigrants. they would organize marches and they wanted to make laws that limited immigrations and laws that would discriminate against these groups people

Fear of the spread of communism across America was called the _______

red scare

Raids conducted on American people suspected of being communist were called the __________

Palmer Raids

What did they mean by “true americans” and why did they think this?

There should be less people from southern and eastern europe because they dont speak English, theyre poor and they dont have the same religion

Who was the lost generation and what did they believe in?

it was a group of writers who rejected consumerism

The __________ encouraged African American artistic and political expression, helping build pride and hope for African American communities

Harlem renaissance

____________ championed black pride and economic independence, advocating for African Americans to return to Africa and establish a sovereign nation as a means of reclaiming their heritage and autonomy

Marcus Garvey

Women who had shorter hair and dresses, wore flesh colored stocking and went out drinking to parties without chaperones were called ___________

flappers

How did the cotton club, a prominent venue during the Harlem Renaissance, celebrate black artistry?

african americans were able to perform

Why was 1929 significant in the united states?

the stock market crashed

What was the Dust bowl? What part of the country was affected?

It was major dusts storms on the great plains

(*) 1st cause of the dust bowl

(*) overuse of land destroyed the top soul leaving a layer of dust

(&) 2nd cause of the dust bowl

(&) severe drought

(*) Effects of the Dust Bowl

farmers were forced to abandon their farms and move to california

(&) Effects of the Dust Bowl

(&) shelter belts (line of trees planted to protect fields from wind and erosion) and Crop rotations (not planting in the same part of farm each season)

What was John Steinbeck’s book, The Grapes of Wrath about?

A family who lost their farm due to the dust bowl and moved to california

What is rugged individualism?

The idea that people can succeed on their own without government help, they would need to rely on each other.

Where did people go if they needed food?

they would go to soup kitchens or breadlines

What was a Hooverville?

Shanty towns that are groups of makeshift homes or shacks built by homeless people. were called this bc they blamed hoover for the depression

Public Work project

Construction project to create jobs

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

loaned money to banks and businesses to prevent bankruptcy

_________ won the election of 1912

FDR

What were '“Fire side” chats? Why were they important to people during the Great Depression?

He addressed the american people through the radio. To let americans know what he is doing to fix the depression and to calm their fears

Why did FDR want the 18th amendment repealed?

To bring back legal alcohol to create jobs and tax revenue

Purpose of Relief programs

to provide immediate helps to banks, farmers and unemployed workers

Purpose of Recovery programs

it provided long term help

Purpose of Reform programs

provided permanent change to prevent another depression

Works Progress Administration

Provided jobs for artists, writers, musicians and historians

Civilian Conservation Corps

gave young men jobs in conservation projects planting shelter belts, fighting forest fires, adn building artificial lakes

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Insures bank deposits so people dont lose their money if a bank fails

Social Security

To support people who couldnt work and protect the elderly from poverty

TVA

Built dams and power plants to bring electricity, jobs, and flood control to the Tennessee valley region

Securities and Exchange Commission

Regulates the stock market to prevent fraud and protect investors

How did Eleanor Roosevelt impact society?

She traveled the country and talked to people who were struggling with the depression and she told her husband what they needed

Huey Long

H ethought it didnt do enough to help the poor. Share our wealth proposed taxing the rich to give every american family a guaranteed income, free education, an a house

Father Coughlin

said it wasnt radical enough. proposed nationalizing the banks and more government control of the economy

Dr. Francis Townsend

said it didnt do enough for the elderly. Old Age Revolving Pension Plan - saif anyone over 60 would get $200 a month as long as they spent all of it.

American Liberty League

it raised their taxes and they dont the government should be responsible for solving problems.

Critics opposed Roosevelt New Deal programs because they believed the programs endangered -

Capitalism

Why were some of Roosevelts New Deal program ended by the supreme court?

they though it violated the 10th amendment and thought that those decisions should be reserved for the states

Explain the court packing plan

proposed adding one justice for each supreme court justice over 70 who refused to retire. would go from 9 people to 15

Why did Roosevelt want this?

he wanted new judges who supported his new deal program

What was the result of the court packing plan?

congress and the public reject the plan and see it as an attempt for the executive branch to get more power

What is the 22nd amendment and why was it ratified?

limited the president to two terms. FDR served 4 terms

How did states governments relationship with the federal government change after the depression?

states rely on federal funding for relief programs during times of crisis

What was the purpose of Mexican repatriation? why was it occurring?

the process of sending someone back to their native country. competition for jobs

What was installment buying?

Purchasing goods with small monthly payments instead of paying in full

How did installment buying contribute to the depression?

When people realize they can't afford their payments they stop spending, businesses lose money, lay off workers or shut down

How did the overproduction of agricultural goods impact farmers?

Prices went down, farmers can't pay their loans, debts. They foreclosed their house because they can't pay their mortgage loans

How did the overproduction of consumer goods impact businesses?

Businesses have to close down, they are left with a surplus which leads to deflations, they have to lay off workers or shut down

Banking problems

Farmers, stock market investors, consumers buying goods with installment plans

How banking problem contributed to depression

They made bank runs to withdraw all of their cash. Many Americans lost everything even if they never made a poor financial decision. Banks failed had to close

What mistake did the Federal Reserve make in the 1920s?

There was a low interest rates making it easy to get bank loan

What mistake did the Federal Reserve make in the 1930s?

Made interest rates were too high making it too difficult to get a bank loan when people needed it most

How did Smooth Hawley Tariffs lead to the Great Depression?

Other Nations retaliated by raising tariffs on American goods and our businesses loose money

Three examples of the legacy of the new deal

SSA, TVA, FDIC