Pt 11

Miss Claire

Anterior

Front surface of the body or structure

Posterior

Back surface of the body or structure

Deep

Further from the surface

superficial

near the surface

Internal

Nearer to the inside

External

Nearer to the outside

Lateral

Away from the mid-line

Medial

toward from the midline

Superior

Situated above or towards the upper part

Inferior

Situated below or towards the lower part

Proximal

Nearest to the point of reference

Distal

Furthest away from the point of reference

prone

Lying face down in a horizontal position

supine

Lying face up in a horizontal position

anatomical position

To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

Fundamental Position

is essentially same as anatomical position except arms are at the sides & palms facing the body

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

Anatomical Regions of the Body

refer to a certain area of the body

frontal (coronal) plane

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

The body is divided in to 4 parts

The head and the neck the trunk upper limbs lower limbs

Cephalic

Head

Cervical

Neck

Cranial

skull

Frontal

forehead

Occipital

back of head

Ophthalmic

Eyes

Oral

mouth

Nasal

Nose

Femoral

Thigh

Patellar

front of knee

Pedal

Foot

plantar

sole of foot

Popliteal

Hollow behind the knee

digital

Toes also fingers

Axillary

armpit

costal

ribs

Mammary

breast

Pectoral

chest

Vertebral

backbone

Abdominal

abdomen

Gluteal

buttocks or rump

Inguinal

groin

Lumbar

lower back

Pelvic

Pelvis/ Lower part of Abdomen

Umbilical

navel

Perineal

Between Anus and External Genital

pubic

pubis

Brachial

upper arm

Carpal

wrist

Cubital

Elbow

forearm

lower arm

Palmar

palm

Osteokinematics

Deals with the relationship of the movement of bones around a joint axis (e.g., humerus moving on scapula).

Arthrokinematics

Deals with the relationship of joint surface movement (humeral head's movement within glenoid fossa of scapula)