KNES 191A LAB - PRACTICAL 1

Black Tape - Bone (1) Blue Tape - Landmark (2) Know Muscle (3) and Action (4)

Skull Bone

Occipital Bone

Skull Bone:

Frontal Bone

Skull Bone:

Sphenoid Bone

Skull Bone:

Ethmoid Bone

Skull Bone:

Parietal Bones

Skull Bone:

Temporal Bones

Skull Bone:

Maxillary Bones

Skull Bone:

Lacrimal Bones

Skull Bone:

Nasal Bones

Skull Bone:

Zygomatic Bones

Skull Bone:

Mandible

Skull Bone: (BAT)

Palatine Bones

Skull Bone:

Inferior Nasal Concha

Skull Bone: (Pinch it)

Vomer

Skull Landmark:

Foramen Magnum

Skull Landmark: (Bump on back of the head)

External Occipital Protuberance

Skull Landmark:

Zygomatic Process

Skull Landmark:

Temporal Process

Skull Landmark:

Zygomatic Arch

Skull Landmark:

External Acoustic Canal

Skull Landmark:

Mastoid Process

Skull Landmark:

Orbital Rim

Skull Landmark: Maxillary & Palatine Bone Make….

Hard Palate

Skull Landmark:

Ramus

Skull Landmark:

Body

Skull Landmark: (Bumps on roof of mouth)

Palatine Process

Define: Supine

Lying down when facing up

Define: Prone

Lying down when facing down

What position is this?

Anatomical Position

Define: Anterior

Toward the front

Define: Posterior

Toward the back

How many Cervical Vertebrae’s?

C1-C7

How many Thoracic Vertebrae’s?

T1-T12

How many Lumbar Vertebrae’s?

L1-L5

What type of ribs are 1-7?

True ribs

What type of ribs are 8-12?

False Ribs

What type of ribs are 11-12?

Floating Ribs

Names of Vertebral Regions/Divisions?

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal

Name of Bone:

Sternum

Name of Bone:

Manubrium

Landmark Name:

Body

Name of Bone:

Xiphoid Process

Landmark Name: (Gap above Manubrium)

Jugular Notch

Landmark Name:

Costal Cartilage

Singular or Plural? Vertebrae.

Plural

Singular or Plural? Vertebra.

Singular

C1 Vertebra called?

Atlas

C2 Vertebra called?

Axis

Vertebra Location:

Vertebral Body

Vertebra Location:

Spinous Process

Vertebra Location:

Transverse Process

Vertebra Location:

Vertebral Foramen

Landmark Location:

Superior Articular Process

Landmark Location:

Inferior Articular Process

Vertebra Location:

Pedicle

Vertebra Location: (Smooth Surface)

Lamina

Vertebra Location:

Intervertebral Foramen

Vertebra Location:

Intervertebral Disc

C2 is called?

Dens of Axis

Sacrum Location:

Median Sacral Crest

Sacrum Location: (Plural)

Sacral Foramina

Sacrum Location: (Singular)

Sacral Foramen

Define: Parallel

_____ to the long axis of the muscle. Most muscles are _____ muscles, such as the biceps brachii muscle.

Define: Convergent

Fasciculi extend over a broad area, and converge on a common
attachment site, such as pectoralis major. Arrangement allows the
muscle to pull in different directions.

Define: Pennate

Fasciculi form a common angle with the tendon; typically contains many more myofibrils than a parallel muscle and is therefore capable of producing much more force.

Define: UNIpennate

All muscle fibers are on the same side of the tendon. A muscle whose fibers are arranged obliquely and insert into a tendon on one side only, similar to a feather barb

Define: Bipennate

Muscle fibers on both sides of the tendon.

Define: Multipennate

Tendon branches within a pinnate muscle. Multiple rows of muscle fibers that branch into two or more tendons.

Define: Circular

Fasciculi are arranged concentrically around an opening or a recess. Contraction results in a decreased diameter of the opening, such as the external anal sphincter (yes, it’s what you think it is!).

Define: Agonist

Muscle acting to provide most of the force for Prime mover movement.

Define: Synergist

Muscle that assist the prime mover; may function to assist the motion of the prime mover or may function to stabilize a joint in order to make the motion of the prime
mover more effective.

Define: Antagonist

A muscle that performs the opposite action of another muscle, called the agonist. When one muscle contracts, the other relaxes or lengthens.

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Orbicularis Oculi

Orbicularis Oculi Action:

Closes the eye

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Orbicularis Oris

Orbicularis Oris Action:

Constricts the mouth

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Masseter

Masseter Action:

Elevates mandible & closes the jaw

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Buccinator

Buccinator Action:

Compresses the cheeks

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Temporalis

Temporalis Action:

Elevates the mandible

Skeletal Muscle Location:

Platysma

Platysma Action:

Tenses the skin of the neck & depresses the mandible

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Sternocleidomastoid

Sternocleidomastoid Action:

Flexion: Rotation - Opposite direction

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Scalenes

Scalenes Action:

• Forceful Inhalation

• Elevates first two ribs; flexion

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis

Splenius Capitis & Splenius Cervicis Action:

Extension (both sides); rotation, lateral flexion (same side)

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Semispinalis Capitis & Semispinalis Cervicis

Semispinalis CAPitis and Semispinalis Cervicis Action:

Extension (both sides) : lateral flexion same side

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Erector Spinae

Erector Spinae Action:

Extension (all divisions)

Lateral flexion

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Trapezius

Trapezius Action:

Cervical Extension

Vertebral Muscle Location:

Internal Intercostals

Internal Intercostals Action:

Forceful Exhalation

Depresses Ribs

Vertebral Muscle Location:

External Intercostals

External Intercostals Action:

Elevates ribs