PLUMB ARITHMETIC 1

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118 Terms

1
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ALGEBRA

a systematic study of numbers and their relationships, using specific rules. you use variables and formulas or equations involving those variables to solve problems

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Real Numbers

Include natural or counting numbers, whole numbers, integers, positive and negative whole numbers, rational and irrational numbers.

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Imaginary Numbers

Numbers that result in a negative number when squared

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Letter I

Imaginary number is Denoted by

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Rational Number

numbers that can be expressed as the ratio of two integers

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Rational Number

may be terminating and non terminating

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Irrational numbers

numbers that cannot be expressed as ratio of two integers. non terminating; have decimal representations that continue forever and do not repeat

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Integers

consist of positive and negative whole numbers, and zero

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Whole Numbers

all positive integers plus zero

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Natural Numbers

also called counting numbers

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Commutative property for addition

a + b = b + a or 7 + 3 = 3 + 7

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Commutative property for multiplication

a x b = b x a or 5x6=6x5

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Associative property for addition

(a+b) + c = a+(b+c)

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When you have more than two numbers to multiply,the way you group them in pairs does not matter. Example: (2+3)+4 = (5)+4 = 9,and 2+(3+4)=2+(7) =9

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Associative property for multiplication

(a·b)c = a(b·c)

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17
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When you have more than two numbers to multiply, the way you group them

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19
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in pairs does not matter. Example: (2·3)·4 = (6)·4 = 24, and 2·(3·4) = 2·(12) = 24

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Identity property for addition

the sum of zero and any number is that number

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22
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a+0=a

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Identity property for multiplication

the product of 1 and any number is that number

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25
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ax1=a

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Inverse Property for addition

a+(-a)=0

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Inverse Property of Multiplication

a x 1/a = 1

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Zero product property

when the product of two or more factors is zero, one of these factors must equal zero

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Zero product property

if ab=0, then a=0 or b=0

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Multiplicative Property of Zero

The product of any number and zero is zero.

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a*0=0

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Distributive Property

a(b + c) = ab + ac

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Reflexive property

A quantity is congruent (equal) to itself. a = a

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Symmetric Property

if a=b, then b=a

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Transitive Property

If a=b and b=c, then a=c

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1

any number raised to 0 is equal to

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undefined

any number divided by 0 is

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Inequality

is a relationship between two expressions or values that are not equal to each other.

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Converse Property

if we flip the number, we have to flip the inequality symbol also.

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Prime Number

can be divided evenly only by 1 and by itself

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Composite Number

can be divide by at least one number other than 1 and itself

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Monomial

A single term

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Polynomial

A combination of monomials through addition or subtraction

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Binomial

Two terms

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Trinomial

Three terms

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Ordinal Numbers

State position of individual objects in a sequence. (1st. 2nd. 3rd)

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Cardinal Numbers

count objects in a given collection

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Perfect Numbers

equal to the sum of all its possible divisors except the number itself. ( ex. 6 is divisible by 1,2, and 3; when you add 1,2, and 3, you get 6)

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Notation

the writing down of figures to express a number

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Numeration

the reading of the number or collection of figures already written

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Divergent Series

Sequence of numbers where the succeeding term is greater than the preceding term; series does not have a limit

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Convergent Series

Sequence of numbers where the succeeding term is less than the preceding term, series has a limit.

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Difference

Minuend minus the subtrahend

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Quotient

Dividend Divided by the divisor

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Mean

the average; found by adding all numbers in the data set and then dividing by the number of values in the set.

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Median

the middle value when a data set is ordered from least to greatest.

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Mode

The number that occurs most often in a data set.

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6 significant digits

how many significant digits - 898.753

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6 significant digits

how many significant digits - 79.0063

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2 significant digits

how many significant digits - 0.0024

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5 significant digits

how many significant digits - 600.00

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3 Significant Digits

how many significant digits - 0.00800

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4 Significant Digits

how many significant digits - 7060

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2 Significant Digits

how many significant digits - 560

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Not Significant

Trailing zeros in a whole number with no decimal is __

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Least Common Multiple

the lowest possible number that can be divisible by both numbers

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least Common denominator

The smallest number that can be a common denominator for a set of fractions

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Greatest Common Factor

the greatest number among all the common factors of the given numbers.

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70

LXX

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800

DCCC

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900

CM

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1001

MI

74
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52

LII

75
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80

LXXX

76
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386

CCCLXXXVI

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4

IV

78
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408

CDVIII

79
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990

CMXC

80
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1000

M

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501

DI

82
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654

DCLIV

83
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162

CLXII

84
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386

CCCLXXXVI

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Yotta

10^24

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Zetta

10^21

87
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Exa

10^18

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Peta

10^15

89
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Tera

10^12

90
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Giga

10^9

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Mega

10^6

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Kilo

10^3

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Hecto

10^2

94
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Deka

10^1

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Deci

10^-1

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Centi

10^-2

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Milli

10^-3

98
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Mikro

10^-6

99
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Nano

10^-9

100
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Piko

10^-12