test i review

1 ?

aorta

2 ?

pulmonary artery

3 ?

left atrium

4 ?

pulmonary vein

5 ?

aortic valve

6 ?

chordae tendineae

7 ?

left ventricle

8 ?

right ventricle

9 ?

inferior vena cava

10 ?

right atrium

11 ?

pulmonary valve

12 ?

superior vena cava

basic structural unit of the nervous system

neuron

conduct impulses received towards the nerve cell body

dendrite

conduct impulses away from the cell body to muscle cells

axon

tiny sacs of chemicals are released when a nerve impulse reaches the telodendron

neurotransmitters

three unique characteristics of neurons

require lots of oxygen, don’t reproduce, limited regeneration capability

3 main divisions of nervous system

central, peripheral, autonomic

nervous system division composing of brain & spinal cord

central

nervous system division utilizing sensory and motor nerves

peripheral

nervous system division that is self governing

autonomic

3 parts of brain

cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem

part of brain that is the center of higher learning & intelligence ?

cerebrum

part of brain that coordinates and fine tunes movements ?

cerebellum

part of brain that regulates things like temperature & sleep-wake cycles ?

brainstem

which part of the nervous system division produces fight or flight response ?

sympathetic

which part of the nervous system allows body to relax and rejuvenate itself ?

parasympathetic

3 kinds of muscle ?

cardiac, skeletal, smooth

What muscles group located on the
hind limb of a dog or cat (a common
site for intramuscular injections)

Semimembranosus/Semitendinosus

which muscles can be controlled by thought?

voluntary

which muscles are automatically controlled by the nervous system?

involuntary

This type of muscle is located in the following areas of the body: head, neck, abdominal, thoracic limb,
pelvic limb, in the connective tissue of the fascia ?

skeletal

This type of muscle is found only in the heart ?

cardiac

This type of muscle is often found in the walls of many internal soft organs like the stomach and bladder

smooth

dense connective tissue that lies over muscles

fascia

Broad sheets of fibrous connective tissue

aponeuroses

most prominent aponeurosis

linea alba

Abductor skeletal muscles

move a limb AWAY from the body’s midline

Adductor skeletal muscles

bring a limb TOWARDS the midline

parts of the body that are included in the integumentary system:

skin, hair, horns, glands, claws/hooves,

The integument is one of the __________ and most extensive organs in the body

largest

List the 5 functions of the integument

protection, housing, regulating temp, producing vitD, secreting/excreting thru glands

3 skin layers

Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis

Often located inside of each leg of a horse at their carpus and tarsus

chestnuts

Often buried Iin the caudal hairs of a horse’s fetlock region

ergots

These glands are in the dermis and produce sebum, an oily lipid-like substance

sebaceous glands

Sweat glands produce watery, transparent liquid to help cool the body through evaporation

sudoriferous glands

Homeostasis

body equilibrium

prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells

prokaryotic= no nucleus , don’t divide by mitosis. eukaryotic= nucleus, divides by mitosis

4 main cell groups

nerve, muscle, epithelial, connective

groups of tissues called

organs

2 kinds of bone

cancellous&compact

primary bone functions

Support/protect organs, attach tendons&muscles, stores minerals, forms blood cells

4 bone shapes

long, short, flat, irregular

what bone shape is a femur

long

what bone shape is carpal

short

what bone shape is pelvis

flat

what bone shape is mandible

irregular

How many bones are in the skeleton of the following species: Canine, Feline and Equine

(320, 230,
205)

List the bones of the axial skeleton

skull, hyoid, spine, ribs, sternum

List the bones of the appendicular skeleton

Thoracic limb – scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpal
bones, metacarpal bones, phalanges, Pelvic limb – Pelvis, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsal bones,
Metatarsal bones, Phalanges

List the 3 fused bones that make up the Pelvis

ilium, ischium, pubis