Gastrointestinal Disorders Management Notes

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the management of gastrointestinal disorders as outlined in the lecture.

Gastritis

Inflammation of the gastric or stomach mucosa, which can be acute or chronic.

Endoscopy

A diagnostic test used to visualize the internal surfaces of an organ by inserting a flexible tube with a camera.

H. pylori

A type of bacteria that is the most common cause of nonerosive gastritis.

Melena

Black, tarry stool indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Hematochezia

Bright red, bloody stool indicating lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Erosion of the gastric or duodenal mucosa due to various causes, often related to H. pylori.

Cirrhosis

Extensive scarring of the liver resulting from chronic liver disease.

Ascites

The accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, often associated with liver disease.

Cholecystectomy

Surgical removal of the gallbladder.

Diverticulitis

Inflammation of diverticula in the colon, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain and fever.

Complications of PUD

Include hemorrhage, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction due to ulcer formation.

Paracentesis

A procedure to remove fluid from the abdominal cavity for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

Portal hypertension

Increased blood pressure in the portal venous system, often resulting from liver cirrhosis.

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by viral infections.

Dietary management for gastritis

Includes a nonirritating diet and avoidance of caffeine, alcohol, and smoking.

Triple therapy for H. pylori

A combination of antibiotics and medications aimed at eradicating H. pylori infection.

NCLEX prep

A strategy to prepare nursing students for the National Council Licensure Examination by focusing on high-yield content.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.