Week2-2-Image_filters_2025

Image

A function, f, from R² to R that gives the intensity at position (x, y).

Digital Image

An image that is digitized in space and amplitude, represented as a matrix of integer values.

Sampling

The process of sampling the 2D space on a regular grid.

Quantization

The process of rounding each sample to the nearest integer.

Mean Filtering

An operation that replaces each pixel with the average of a KxK window around it.

Convolution

A cross-correlation where the filter is flipped both horizontally and vertically before being applied to the image.

Gaussian Filtering

A filtering technique that gives less weight to pixels further from the center of the window.

Cross-Correlation Filtering

An operation that allows for different weights for different neighboring pixels.

Salt and Pepper Noise

Common noise that contains random occurrences of black and white pixels.

Impulse Noise

Noise that contains random occurrences of white pixels.

Median Filter

A filter that operates by selecting the median intensity in a window, advantageous over mean filters for noise reduction.