Paris 2 dates

When and why was louis Napoleon elected president of the second republic

December 10th, 1848, He was the man of the poeple, mens sufrage, promised stablity to worker,prosperity and social reform 

What happend on December 2nd, 1851. Where in paris did this happen?

Louis staged a coup d’ètat in paris at the palais bourbon, he disolved national assembly and taking control of french government. Also, extended his power beyond constituion.

What happend Dec 2nd, 1852

Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte officially proclaimed himself Emperor Napoleon III of France. This marked the end of the French Second Republic and the beginning of the Second French Empire.

Why did these events happen on Dec 2nd

December 2 was the date of Napoleon Bonaparte’s coronation as Emperor in 1804 and It was also the date of Napoleon’s great victory at the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, one of his most famous triumphs.

Why was rebulding of paris undertaken

Headed by Huassman, Because it was not a modernized city with narrow streets and poor sanitation. Wide streets helped government stop protests and baricades. transportation

What was green paris and who was it for?

Green Paris was part of Hussmans transformation. Added large parks and tree lined boulevards in attempt to make paris a cleaner and healthier was inteneded for middle class parasins.

How did department stores revolutionize buying and selling? What were its innovations? What were the effects of this?

• Everything under one roof for the first times

• Fixed prices ( no more haggling)

• Window displays and advertising

• Shopping became a form of lesiure and social activity

• Better customer experiences and nicer stores

Department stores affect on paris neighborhoods 

Urban transformation - more developed 

Eceonomic growth- New job openings 

Small buisnesses struggled- Overtaken by large department stores 

Social mixing- high and lower class people overlapping at the stores 

Shopping became a leisure activity  

Women,work,class.

Women entered payed employment during industralization

Upper and middle class enjoyed new wealth, backed by lower class that worked at new stores

Gender roles changed- women began to leave the house more often, shopping and other things became more acceptable

How did department stores disrupt old employment paterns?

Created new jobs for women - created more visable female workforce ( worked in elegant spaces and interacted with customers)

Blurring of class boundaries- Women dressed nice for work similarly to how middle class dressed

Explotation- women worked long hours,strict pay and strong discipline 

How did houte couture (style of high-end fashion that was started by Charles Frederick Worth) develope in response to democratization of paris fashion ?

• Democratiztion ended the monopoly the elite had of high end clothing

• Elite turned to turned to haute couture exclusive, handmade garments that emphasized individuality.

• Customed fitted one of a kind designs

• made paris global center of luxury fashion

What was houte couture

• Designers like Charles Frederick Worth (often called the father of haute couture) established luxury fashion houses in Paris.

• These offered custom-fitted, one-of-a-kind designs, often made from the finest fabrics and shown in private salons.

What was machine like about new paris?

The “machine” symbolized progress, speed, and control

• actories powered by steam engines produced textiles, metal goods, and consumer products.

• Railroads and new train stations (like Gare du Nord) connected Paris to the rest of France,

• Wide boulevards moved people, goods, and troops quickly.

How were the new boulevards and apartment buildings described in paintings?

Their works showed carriages, crowds, and cafés, capturing the energy, rhythm, and speed of city life.

Showed cleanliness aswell

Apartments were shown as lean, bright, and harmonious, reflecting the government’s goal of making Paris a model modern city.

Bois de boulogne

• upper and middle classes were the main users when it opened.

• They came for carriage rides, boating, concerts, cafés, and social display — treating the park as a kind of outdoor salon.

• The park’s design — with wide boulevards and elegant lakes — catered to wealthier Parisians’ leisure culture.

• Working-class Parisians did visit, especially on Sundays and holidays, but getting there from the city center was time-consuming and costly.

• Over time, however, as transportation improved, it became more accessible, and working families used it for picnics and relaxation.

What did the new department stores and train stations have in common?

• Both used new materials and were very large

• symbol of progression

• Designed for crowds and the movements of people and iteams

• Classes again mixed here