Hartman's Nursing assistant Care The Basics Chapter 1

Long-term care

Given in long term care facilities for people who need 24-hour skilled care

• Another name for nursing homes is skilled nursing facilities or long-term care facility

• offer assisted living, subacute care, or specialized care

• Nonprofit orgs can own these facilities

Skilled care

Medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist

• available 24 hours a day

Length of stay

Number of days a person stays in a care facility

Terminal illness

illness will eventually cause death

Chronic vs Acute (sudden-onset) Condition

• A condition lasting a long period of time, even a lifetime

  • physical disabilities, heart disease, and dementia

• 24 hour skilled care given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers

Diagnoses

Medical conditions determined by a doctor

Home health care

Provided in a person's home

Assisted living

Residences for people who need some help with daily care

Adult day services

people who need some help and supervision during certain hours, do not live in the facility

Subacute care

Care given in a hospital or in a long-term care facility

• those who need less care than acute and more care than for a chronic illness

Outpatient care

Usually given for less than 24 hours

Rehabilitation

Care given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury.

Hospice care

Given in facilities or homes for people who have about six months or less to live

ADL's

Activities of Daily Living

Person-Centered Care

Emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care and seeks to build community by recognizing and developing each person's capabilities

Trauma-Informed Care

Approach to patient care recognizes that people may have experienced trauma in their lives

Culture change

A term given to the process of transforming services for elders so they are based on the values and practices of the person receiving care

Assistive or Adaptive Devices

Equipment to assist in ADL's

Chain of command

Describes the line of authority and helps to make sure that residents get proper health care

Scope of practice

Tasks that health-care providers are allowed to do and how to do them correctly

Medicare

A federal health insurance program established in 1965 for people aged 65 or older, also covers people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities

Medicaid

Medical assistance program for low-income people as well as for people with disabilities.

Care plan

Developed to achieve the goals of care

Policy

A course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs

Procedure

A method, or way, of doing something

Professionalism

Behaving properly when on the job

Compassionate

Being caring, concerning, empathetic, and understanding

Empathy

Identifying with feelings of others

Sympathy

Sharing in the feelings and difficulties of others

Tactful

Showing sensitivity and having a sense of what is appropriate when dealing with others

Conscientious

Trying to do your best, guided by a sense of right and wrong.

Ethics

Knowledge of right and wrong

Laws

Rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and to ensure order and safety

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

Requires that the Nurse Aid Training and Competency Evaluation Program set minimum standards for nursing assistant training

Residents' Rights

An ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers, relates to how residents must be treated while living in a facility

Informed consent

Process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about his or her health care.

Abuse

Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone

Neglect

Failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person

Physical abuse

Any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person's body. Includes slapping, bruising, cutting, burning, physically restraining, pushing, shoving, or even rough handling.

Psychological abuse

Emotional harm caused by threatening, caring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person, or treating him or her as a child, includes verbal abuse

Sexual abuse

Forcing of a person to perform or participate in sexual acts against his or her will. Includes unwanted touching and exposing oneself to a person and sharing of pornographic material

Financial abuse

The improper or illegal use of a person's money, possessions, property, or other assets

Assault

A threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that he or she will be harmed

Battery

The intentional touching of a person without his or her consent.

Domestic violence

Abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members

False imprisonment

Unlawful restraint that affects a person's freedom of movement

Involuntary seclusion

The separation of person from others against the person's will

Workplace violence

Abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors. It can be verbal, physical, or sexual

Sexual harassment

Any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment

Substance abuse

The use of legal or illegal drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that harms oneself of others

Active neglect

The purposeful failure to provide needed care, resulting in harm to a person

Passive neglect

The unintentional failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person

Negligence

Actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care for a resident, resulting in unintended injury. Example: A CNA forgetting to lock a resident's chair before transferring her.

Malpractice

Occurs when a person is injured due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill.

Suspicious injuries that should be reported

Poisoning, teeth marks, buckle or strap marks, bruises, contusions, welts, scars, fractures, dislocations, burns, scalding burns, scratches or puncture wounds, patches of missing hair, scalp tenderness, swelling in face, broken teeth, nasal discharge, bruises, bleeding, or discharge from vaginal area

Signs that could indicate Abuse

Yelling obscenities, fear, apprehension, fear of being alone, poor self control, constant pain, threatening to hurt others, withdrawal, apathy, alcohol or drug abuse, agitation or anxiety, signs of stress, low self-esteem, mood changes, confusion, disorientation, resident not allowed private conversations, reports of questionable care by resident or family

Signs that could indicate Neglect

Pressure ulcers, unclean body, body lice, unanswered call lights, soiled bedding or incontinence briefs not being changed, poorly fitting clothing, unmet needs relating to hearing aids, eye glasses, etc., weight loss, poor appetite, uneaten food, dehydration, freshwater or beverages not being offered regularly, reports of not receiving prescribed medication by the resident or his family

Ombudsman

Assigned by law as legal advocate for residents; visits facilities and listen to residents

Confidentiality

Keeping private things private

HIPPA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; Protects confidential healthcare information

PHI

Protected Health Information - the information kept private under HIPPA (name, address, phone, social, diagnoses, etc)

Incident

An accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care; something that is not part of the normal routine