Part 2) Basic Structure of a Human Body/ History of Healthcare/ Muscular System/ Skeletal Syste

Basic Structure of a Human Body/ History of Healthcare/ Muscular System/ Skeletal System/ Degrees/ Laboratories/ Long-term Care Facilities/ Entrepreneur/ Home Health Care/ HIPAA/

Anatomy

Study of the form and structure of an organism

Physiology

Study of the processes of living organisms, or why they work

Pathophysiology

Study of how disease occurs and the responses of living organisms

cell membrane

Outer protective covering of the cell/ diffusion, osmosis, filtration, are transport mechanisms the cell membrane uses

cytoplasm

semifluid inside the cell but outside the nucleus. Contains 70-90 percent water, proteins, lipids(fat), carbohydrates, minerals, and salts. The site for all the chemical reactions that take place.

organelles

located in the cytoplasm. Help a cell to function

nucleus

mass in the cytoplasm. Separated from the cytoplasm by the nuclear membrane that has pores that allow substances to pass between the nucleus and cytoplasm

nucleolus

located inside the nucleus and important in cell reproduction

chromatin

located in the nucleus and made of DNA and protein.

mitochondria

rod-shaped organelles located throughout the cytoplasm. Called the “furnaces” or “powerhouses” of the cell because they break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats.

Golgi apparatus

stack of membrane layers located in the cytoplasm

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

network of tublar structures in the cytoplasm. contains ribosomes and aids with storage of proteins.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

network of tubular structures located in cytoplasm. does not contain ribosomes and is not present in the cell. it also assists with cholesterol synthesis, fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs

Vacuoles

pouchlike structures found through the cytoplasm. have a acuolar membrane. filled w/ watery substance, stored food, or waste products.

Lysosomes

oval/round bodies in cytoplasm. contains digestive enzymes that digest and destroy old cellsm bacteria, and foreign materials.

Centrioles

1 centromes is 2 centrioles. during mitosis the centrioles separate.

ribosomes

sites for protein synthesis

Father of microbiology

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Heart and lung machine

used during heart surgery to temporarily take over functionsof the heart and lungs/ first used May 1953

Hippocrates

Greek physician called “Father of Medicine” best known for authoring the code of conduct for physicians, the “hippocratic oath”

clara barton

American nurse who founded the Red Cross and worked during the civil war.also established the National First Aid Society

gabriel Fahrenheit

physicist, inventor, and scientific instrument maker. most famouse for mercury thermometer (1714) and developing the Fahrenheit temperature scale (1724)

4 functions of the muscles

attach bones to provide movement, provide heat and energy, maintains posture, and protects internal organs

Skeletal muscle tissue

Cardiac muscle tissues

Smooth or Visceral tissue

Muscle properties

elasticity,

Cardiac muscle

the cardiac muscle forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood through the body

Visceral muscle

the visceral muscle also called the smooth muscle, is found in the internal organs of the body, viscera muscles are involuntary mean