Charles’ first parliament meets for the first time, granting him only 1 year of tonnage and poundage
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Money to fight Spain
The reason Charles called his first parliament
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Tonnage and Poundage
Customs duties typically granted to the monarch for a life time, that was only granted to Charles for one year by parliament
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July 1625
Richard Montague appointed as royal chaplain
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August 1625
Parliament meets in Oxford due to a plague outbreak in London. Buckingham receives criticism and ‘The Useless’ Parliament is dissolved.
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September 1625
The Cadiz Expedition failure
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Over 1000
The number of people who died during the Cadiz expedition
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February 1626
The York House Conference and Parliament is reinstated.
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June 1626
Buckingham is impeached and the second of Charles’ Parliaments is dissolved
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September 1626
The Forced Loan
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£250,000
The amount of money raised by the Forced Loan
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76
How many men refused to pay the Forced Loan and were imprisoned?
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July-October 1627
The La Rochelle failure
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4,000
The number of men who died at La Rochelle because of Buckingham’s leadership
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November 1627
The Five Knight's Case
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Darnel, Corbet, Erle, Heveningham, and Edward Hampden
The five men imprisoned without trial in the Five Knight's Case
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March 1628
Charles’ third Parliament is called
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June 1628
The Petition of Right
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Imprisonment of people without cause, the quartering of soldiers on subjects and no marital law during peace time.
The complaints in the Petition of Right
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July 1628
Laud and Montagu are promoted to Bishops
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August 1628
Buckingham is assassinated
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December 1628
Wentworth appointed president of the Council of the North
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March 1629
The Three Resolutions are proposed, the third Parliament is dissolved and Personal Rule begins
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The denunciation of Arminianism, and the end of the collection of Tonnage and Poundage.
The demands in the Three Resolutions
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April 1629
The Treaty of Susa, ending war with France
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August 1630
Exchequer judges support the King’s rights to levy knighthood fines
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November 1630
The Treaty of Madrid, ending war with Spain
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January 1631
The Books of Orders are issued
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January 1632
Thomas Wentworth is appointed lord deputy of Ireland
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1633
Laud is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
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June 1633
Charles I's coronation in Scotland
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It took 7 years for Charles to visit Scotland, it took place in Edinburgh rather than Scone Abbey and it appeared very Laudian
Why was Charles I's Scottish coronation unpopular?
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October 1634
Ship money writs sent to maritime counties
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June 1635
Ship Money is extended inland, medieval forest courts are revived
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Distraint of Knighthood, Revival of Forest Laws, Enclosure Fines
Three examples of Fiscal Feudalism
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March 1636
Bishop Juxon becomes Lord Treasurer, a religious figure in a secular position resembled absolutist regimes
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June 1637
Burton, Bastwick and Prynne are sentenced by the Star Chamber
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July 1637
Charles imposes a new Prayer Book on Scotland, causing the Prayer Book Rebellion
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1637-1638
The Hampden Case
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June 1638
The Hampden Case ends
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7
The number of judges in favour of the monarch during the Hampden Case
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5
The number of judged in favour of John Hampden during the Hampden Case
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February 1638
The Scottish National Covenant is established
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November 1638
The Scottish National Assembly abolishes bishops
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April-June 1639
First Bishops War
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September 1639
Wentworth returns from Ireland and advises Charles to recall parliament
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January 1640
Wentworth is created Earl of Strafford
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April-May 1640
Short Parliament Dates
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To finance the war with Scotland
The reason the Short Parliament was called
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June-October 1640
The Second Bishops War
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October 1640
The Treaty of Ripon
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The Scottish army would occupy Northumberland and Durham and would be paid £850 a day in order to maintain itself
What was agreed in the Treaty of Ripon?
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November 1640
The start of the Long Parliament, Wentworth and Laud are impeached and Personal Rule is attacked
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February 1641
Laud is sent to the Tower, Triennial Act
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March 1641
The prosecution of Wentworth fails to prove its case, the Army Plot
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May 1641
The Act of Attainder is passed, Strafford is executed, the Root and Branch bill, and act preventing the dissolution of parliament without its consent is passed
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June 1641
Tonnage and Poundage Act, and the House of Lords rejects the Bishops’ Exclusion bill
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July 1641
The Prerogative Courts (Star Chamber and High Commission) are abolished
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Even figures like Pym had no intentions to get rid of the monarch. However, they wanted to abolish the instruments of Personal Rule.
Why was the Long Parliament determined to get rid of Charles's "Evil Counsellors" and the Prerogative Courts?
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June 1641, control Charles's government and the religious practices of his wife and children.
The Ten Propositions
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August 1641
Ship Money is made illegal, the Distraint of Knighthood and Forest Act are both declared unlawful, and Charles visits Scotland
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October 1641
The 'Incident' in Scotland, and the Irish Rebellion
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A conspiracy plot created by Charles and Scottish royalists to kidnap prominent Covenanters.
The 'Incident'
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The Irish Rebellion gave rise to moral panic over Catholicism and propaganda linking Charles' duplicity and supposed crypto-Catholicism.
Why was the Irish Rebellion important?
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November 1641
The Grand Remonstrance is passed
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It highlighted the grievances Pym's Junto had about the Kingdom and passed with 159 voted to 148. This suggested an emergence of constitutional royalism.
Why was the Grand Remonstrance significant?
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December 1641
The Militia Bill is introduced, rumours that the Queen is to be impeached
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4 January 1642
Charles fails to arrest five MPs
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John Pym, John Hampden, Arthur Haselrigg, Denzel Holles and William Strode
Who were the five MPs Charles failed to arrest?
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January 1642
Charles I leaves London for the last time prior to his execution
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February 1642
The Act excluding Bishops from Parliament passes, signed by the King. Henrietta Maria leaves England in search of foreign assistance.
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March 1642
Parliament issues the Militia Ordinance without the king's assent
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June 1642, an extension of the 10 propositions and Parliament's last attempt to settle with Charles before the first Civil War
The Nineteen Propositions
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22 August 1642
The First Civil War begins after Charles raised his standard at Nottingham
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October 1642
The Battle of Edgehill gives Charles a marginal advantage
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November 1642
The King’s forces stopped at Turnham Green
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February-April 1643
The Oxford Treaty Negotiations occur and are unsuccessful at achieving peace
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July 1643
Rupert captures Bristol, siege of Hull begins
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August 1643, MPs in the Long Parliament promised to unite the kingdoms under Presbyterianism in return for military aid from the Scottish Covenanters.
What was the Solemn League and Covenant deal between Parliament and Scots?
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October 1643
Siege of Hull broken
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December 1643
John Pym dies
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July 1644
The Battle of Marston Moor, a victory for the Scots and Parliament
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September 1644
Essex trapped in Cornwall and surrendered entire army
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September-November 1644
Manchester and Cromwell quarrel over military strategy, political and religious divisions arise in Parliament between the peace and war parties - known as the Parliamentary crisis
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December 1644
Self-Denying Ordinance introduced
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February 1645
The New Model Army is formed by Oliver Cromwell
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April 1645
Self-Denying Ordinance is passed
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Cromwell, Fairfax and Ireton
The Grandees of the NMA
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June 1645
The Battle of Naseby, a major victory for Parliament turns the tide in the civil war
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July 1645
Royalists under Goring are defeated at Langport
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September 1645
Prince Rupert surrenders Bristol, Scottish royalists defeated by Covenanters
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April 1646
Charles I surrenders to the Scots
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Jun 1646
Surrender of Oxford to Parliament, Leveller demonstrations in London
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The Newcastle Propositions
July 1646 Presbyterian Party Parliament elected key members of state Parliament to control militia for 20 years Bishops to be abolished and a Presbyterian Church to be created for an experimental 3 years
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February 1647
The Scots hand the King over to Parliament snd leave England, the Parliament votes to disband the army
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April-May 1647
The army refuses to disband and sends petitions, agitators are seized
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Heads of Proposals
July 1647 The Heads of the New Model Army Parliament elected key members of state Parliament to control militia for 10 years Freedom of Religion
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July 1947
Royalist MPs invade parliament and Independent MPs fled
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Flashcard (73)