Practical Research 2: Conceptual Framework and Review of Related Literature

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary and concepts from the module on Research Frameworks, Definition of Terms, and Literature Review in Practical Research 2.

Research Framework

The structure or blueprint of the research plan that illustrates key concepts and assumed relationships to help the researcher formulate relevant research questions.

Theoretical Framework

A research framework commonly used for studies that anchor on time-tested theories that relate findings to an underpinning relevant theory of knowledge.

Conceptual Framework

A framework referring to the actual ideas, beliefs, and tentative theories that specifically support the study; it is a model of what the researcher plans to investigate.

Concept Map

A visual representation of information, composed of figures like lines and boxes, that shows the relationship between ideas and elements in the study.

Independent Variable

The "presumed cause" of the research problem that is stable and unaffected by other variables; it is also called the experimental, treatment, antecedent, or predictor variable.

Dependent Variable

The "presumed effect" of the research problem, usually representing the problem itself or the element being questioned as a result of experimental manipulation.

Moderating Variable

An independent variable that influences the direction and the strength of the connection between independent and dependent variables, also known as the interaction effect.

Mediating Variable

Also called an Intervening Variable, this is an element that exists between the independent and dependent variables to help understand the cause-effect relationship.

Control Variable

A special type of independent variable that can influence the dependent variable; it is held constant using statistical procedures to ensure accurate findings.

Input-Process-Output Model

A conceptual paradigm, often used in action research with an intervention, that describes the approach of converting inputs into results through processing steps.

Definition of Terms

A section of a research paper, also called Operational Definition of Variables (ODV), that simplifies technical terms to prevent ambiguous meanings.

Conceptual Definition

The meaning of a term based on how it is defined in a dictionary or encyclopedia.

Operational Definition

The meaning of a term based specifically on how it is being used within the context of a study.

Hypothesis

An assumption about the relationship between the variables in a research study.

Null Hypothesis

A type of hypothesis that shows no relationship between variables.

Complex Hypothesis

A hypothesis that expresses the connection between two or more independent variables and two or more dependent variables.

Theoretical Review

A type of literature review that introduces several theories or concepts which focus on a specific topic.

In-text Citation

A reference made within the text or paragraph of the research paper.

Republic Act $8293$, section $176$

A law stating that no copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.