Human Anatomy and Physiology unit 1 exam

nose

nasus

mouth

oris

neck

cervicis (cervical)

arm

brachium / brachial

wrist

carpus / carpal

knee

patella / r

foot

pes / pedal / pod

forehead

frontal

cheek

bucca / buccal

chest

thoracic

armpit

axillary

groin

inguinal

calf

sural

shoulder blade

acromial / scapula

pubic

pubis

navel

umbilicus

pelvic

pelvis

body coverings. organs in the system include skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. function: protection, regulation of body temperature, synthesis of vitamin D.

Integumentary

support and movement. organs in the system include bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilages. function: support, protection, movement, ca++ store, hematopoiesis

skeletal

organs in the system: skeletal muscles. function: movement, heat production

muscular

integration and coordination. organs in the system: brain, spinal cord, and nerves. function: coordination of body parts; information processing.

nervous

organs in the system: endocrine glands that secrete hormones. function: maintenance of homeostasis.

endocrine

transport. organs in the system: heart, blood vessels. function: electrolyte maintenance, transport of nutrients, wastes, O2 and CO2

cardiovascular

organs in the system: bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen. function: to fight infection.

lymp

absorption and secretion. organs in the system: oral cavity, nose, nasal, cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes within lungs, and alveoli. function: exchange of gases (O2 and CO2), maintenance of blood pH and electrolytes, voice production.

respiratory

organs in the system: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. function: removal of metabolic wastes from the blood, maintenance of blood (pH, pressure), maintenance of electrolytes.

urinary

organs in the system: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, salivary glands, liver pancreas, and gall bladder. function: breakdown of food into substances that can be absorbed (for energy).

digestive

reproduction. organs in the system: males: testes, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands, urethra, penis, scrotum. female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, labia and clitoris.

reproductive

contains the central nervous system (CNS) - cranial and vertebral cavity

Dorsal cavity

this body cavity includes the area both above and below the diaphragm

ventral body cavity

cover all body organs

visceral membranes

line a cavity or body wall

parietal membranes

membranes pertaining to the lungs/lung cavity

pleura membrane

membranes pertaining to the heart/heart cavity

pericardium membranes

membranes pertaining to the abdominal organs or abdominopelvic cavity

peritoneum membranes

Division of the body or organ into exactly equal right & left sections.

sagittal

Any division that creates unequal right & left sections

parasagittal

Divides the body or organ into front & back sections.

coronal

Divides the body or organ into a top & bottom section.

transverse

Passing through the body or organ at an angle and divides the body into unequal sections.

oblique

away from the midline

lateral

towards / near the back of the body

posterior

Toward or at the body surface

superficial

Toward the middle / mid-line

medial

Referring to the same side of the body

ispilateral

Referring to the same opposite side of the body

contralateral

Near the point of attachment to the trunk

proximal

Far from the point of attachment to the trunk

distal