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Descartes
“I think therefore I am”
Empiricism
all knowledge comes from practical experience and experimentation
Encyclopedie
edited by Diderot, it was a compilation of all the available knowledge—historical, scientific, technical, religious and moral
Femme Savants
learned women. Wealthy, ambitious and clever hostesses competed to attract the cleverest and accomplished persons to their salons where artifice reigned supreme and wittiness was a supreme social virtue
Fete Galante
an amorous festival painting-usually outdoors
French Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture
set the standard for the classical style permitted in France. Its aim was the glorification of the monarchy
Grand Manner Portraiture
“elevated the sitter” by conveying refinement and elegance
Grand Tour
a pilgrimage of aristocrats, wealthy and diplomatic persons to tour the important area of Europe to obtain the knowledge and classical culture
Hotels
town houses in Paris
Modernity
a concept of historical ‘consciousness’ in which people reject established ideas and conventions and encourage momentous change. It implies a distinction between past and present
Natural Man
people living a primitive state without the arts, sciences, society and civilization, which had corrupted them
Neoclassicism
was inspired by the classical motifs, subjects, and decorations. Its virtues were morality, idealism patriotism and civic virtue. Its inspirational came from the excavation of Pompeii and Herculaneum
Newton
an English philosopher and mathematician who discovered the laws of gravity and motion and is responsible for the mechanistic view of the universe
Nobility
changed to heroism bestowed by the virtues of courage and resolution, patriotism, and self sacrifice rather than aristocratic birth
Philosophes
advanced thinkers in France who shared the conviction that the ills of humanity could be remedied by applying reason and common sense to human problems
Picturesque
quaint, charming
Rococo
a style primarily of interior design which appeared in France around 1700. These interiors featured lavish decoration, fine furniture, wall paintings and reliefs. Rococo means shell or pebble
Rousseau
said “Man is by nature good… he is depraved and perverted by society” “Man is born free, but is everywhere in chains
Salon
center of 17th century social life. These were dominated by women
Satire
a work which holds up human vices and follies to ridicule and scorn
Sentimental
sweet, sincere, sympathetic, and tender emotions so called “natural”
The Age of Reason (Enlightenment)
1750-1850 doctrine which was predicated on an belief that there was an universal order in the universe
Veduta
Italian for “scenic view”