Untitled Flashcards Set

Doric Order

The simplest and oldest of the Greek architectural orders, characterized by sturdy columns with a plain capital.

Ionic Order

An architectural order featuring slender, fluted columns and volutes (scroll-like ornaments) on the capital.

Corinthian Order

The most ornate Greek architectural order, distinguished by its elaborate capital decorated with acanthus leaves.

Cella (Naos)

The inner chamber of a temple, where the cult statue of the deity was housed.

Pronaos

The vestibule or entrance area of a temple, located between the portico and the cella.

Colonnade (Peristyle)

A row of columns surrounding a building or courtyard.

Peripteral

A temple with a single row of columns on all sides.

Dipteral

A temple that has two rows of columns surrounding it, creating a double colonnade.

Stylobate

The upper step of the temple platform, which supports the colonnade.

Stereobate

The substructure or platform that the stylobate rests upon.

Base

The lower part of a column, providing stability.

Column

A vertical component of a structure that supports the roof or entablature.

Capital

The topmost part of a column, often ornately decorated.

Drum

The cylindrical section of a column, stacked to form the height of the column.

Flute (Fluting)

Vertical grooves carved into the surface of a column.

Entasis

A slight curvature in a column designed to counteract optical illusions of concavity.

Triglyph

A decorative element in a frieze consisting of three vertical grooves, typically between metopes.

Metope

The plain or decorated panel between the triglyphs in a Doric frieze.

Frieze

The horizontal band that runs along the upper part of a wall or above the columns.

Volute Scroll

The spiral, scroll-like ornament found on the capitals of Ionic and Corinthian columns.

Entablature

The horizontal structure supported by columns, consisting of the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

Architrave

The lower part of the entablature that rests directly on the columns.

Pediment

The triangular section at the top of a building, often filled with sculpture or relief.

Opisthodomos

The rear room of a temple, often used as a treasury.

Delian League

An association of Greek city-states led by Athens, formed for mutual defense against Persia.

Perikles

A prominent and influential statesman of Athens, known for his role in advancing democracy and culture in the city.

Chryselephantine

A term used to describe a sculpture made of gold and ivory, often seen in ancient Greek temples.