part 3

Militarism

Weapons and naval buildup by major European powers to display military might.

Alliance System

A system intended to prevent war but instead drew multiple countries into conflict when one was attacked.

Imperialism

Competition over colonies and land, where winning a war often resulted in territorial gains.

Nationalism

The belief in one's country's superiority, leading to desires for revenge or proving national strength.

Immediate Cause of WWI

Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary by a Serbian nationalist in June 1914.

Warfare Technology

Industrialized warfare featuring new technologies like the machine gun, fast-firing artillery, and poison gas.

Trench Warfare

Warfare characterized by digging trenches for protection, leading to a stalemate for over three years.

War of Attrition

A style of warfare where victory is achieved by exhausting the enemy's soldiers, resources, and morale.

League of Nations

An international body for peaceful conflict resolution created after WWI.

Article 231

The War Guilt Clause in the Treaty of Versailles that assigned sole blame for the war to Germany.

War Reparations

Germany's obligation to pay $31-33 billion, leading to severe economic consequences.

Nazi Rise to Power

Germany's failing economy and scapegoating of the Treaty of Versailles and Jews contributed to this.

Holodomor

A famine caused by Stalin's actions, resulting in the deaths of 3-7 million Ukrainians in the early 1930s.

Fascism

A political ideology characterized by dictatorial power and strong centralized government, exemplified by the Nazis.

Appeasement

The policy of giving in to an aggressor's demands to avoid conflict.

Blitzkrieg

German strategy of fast warfare using airplanes and tanks for rapid territorial gain.

Nuremberg Laws

Laws that revoked Jewish citizenship and encouraged public persecution of Jews.

Wannsee Conference

A meeting where Nazis decided to implement the 'Final Solution,' leading to the genocide of Jews.

Nuremberg Trials

Trials of Nazi war criminals post-WWII to hold individuals accountable for crimes against humanity.