peacekeeping

Peacekeeping

Intervention by military force to prevent conflict.

Truce/Ceasefire Agreement

An arrangement to stop hostilities between parties.

Third-party Peacekeeping

Involvement of external forces in conflict resolution.

Consent of the Parties

Agreement by conflicting parties for intervention.

Impartiality

Neutral stance of peacekeepers in conflicts.

Non-use of Force

Peacekeepers may only defend themselves or mandate.

Commitment Problem

Inability to ensure future compliance with agreements.

Disarming Factions

Process of removing weapons from conflicting groups.

Monitoring Peace Agreements

Oversight of compliance with established peace terms.

Physical Barrier

Peacekeepers act as a buffer between opposing sides.

Selection Effect

Bias in peacekeeping effectiveness due to conflict types.

Responsibility to Protect Doctrine

Sovereignty conditional on protecting citizens' rights.

Physical Integrity Rights

Basic protections against violence and abuse.

External Intervention

Outside forces stepping in when states fail responsibilities.

Kenya 2007

Ethnic violence following disputed elections, R2P invoked.

Kofi Annan

Mediator accepted by Kenyan parties during conflict.

Power-sharing Agreement

Compromise signed by conflicting political parties.

Libya 2011

UN invoked R2P amid violence during Arab Spring.

UN Security Council Resolution 1970

Condemned violence in Libya, invoked R2P.

UN Security Council Resolution 1973

Authorized measures to protect Libyan civilians.

NATO-led Airstrikes

Military action resulting from UN resolutions in Libya.

Regime Change

Overthrow of a government, often through intervention.