AP Computer Science Principles - Big Idea 4

Flashcards related to Computer Systems and Networks.

Computing Device

A physical artifact that can run a program. Examples include computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors.

Computing System

A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose.

Computer Network

A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data.

Routing

The process of finding a path from sender to receiver in a network.

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

The Internet

A computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols.

Protocol

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of a system.

Scalability of a System

The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands.

Packets

Chunks of data that contain a piece of information and metadata used for routing and reassembly.

World Wide Web

A system of linked pages, programs, and files accessible via the Internet.

Redundancy

The inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system.

Fault-Tolerance

A system's ability to support failures and still continue to function.

Sequential Computing

A computational model in which operations are performed in order one at a time.

Parallel Computing

A computational model where the program is broken into multiple smaller sequential computing operations, some of which are performed simultaneously.

Distributed Computing

A computational model in which multiple devices are used to run a program.

Speedup

The time it took to complete the task sequentially divided by the time it took to complete the task when done in parallel.