Unit3 Hearing Science Exam

What are the three main functions of the outer ear?

protect middle/inner ear, collect sound, emphasize frequencies

What are the three main functions of the middle ear?

pressure equalization, protects the inner ear, sound transmission

Two different ways middle ear transmits sounds

Impedance transformer, ossicular lever

border between the outer and middle ear

tympanic membrane

three bones in ossicular chain

malleus incus stapes

stapes pushes the

oval window

transverse wave goes along which membrane

basilar

tops of hair cells and support cells

reticular lamina

three rows of

outer hair cells

one row of

inner hair cells

scala media fluid

endolymph

depolarization

potassium flows into hair cells

shearing motion

difference in length from basilar membrane and tectorial membrane

c in cslim

cochlear nucleus

s in cslim

superior olive

l in cslim

lateral lemniscus

i in cslim

inferior colliculus

m in cslim

medial geniculate

gyrus of cslim

heschl’s gyrus

cans cranial nerve number

8

five parts of ear

outer, middle, inner, auditory nerve, CANS

2 mechanisms of ear

conductive, sensorineural

habenula perforata

tiny holes in osl

frequency at base of cochlea

high

frequency at apex of cochlea

low

volley theory

hair cells work together to get to enough hz

reissner’s membrane

stria vascularis spiral limbus

lowest resonance of ear canal

2800 hz

two main structures of outer ear

pinna and external auditory canal

umbo

where manubrium of malleus connects to tympanic membrane

valsalva maneuver

increases pressure

toynbe maneuver

decreases pressure

second way sound is transformed

ossicular lever

first way sound is transformed

impedance transformer