Public Opinion and Polling by Ava

AP

Public Opinion

The collective attitudes and beliefs of citizens about politics and government.

Political Socialization

The process by which individuals develop their political beliefs, often influenced by family, schools, media, and life experiences.

Demographics

Characteristics of populations such as age, gender, race, education, and economic status that influence political views.

Polling

The process of measuring public opinion through surveys.

Sample

A group of individuals selected to represent the larger population in a poll.

Random Sampling

A polling method where individuals are chosen randomly to ensure a representative survey.

Margin of Error

The percentage of possible error in polling results, indicating reliability.

Benchmark Polls

Initial polls used to gauge public opinion before a campaign or policy decision.

Tracking Polls

Polls conducted over time to measure changes in public opinion.

Exit Polls

Surveys taken immediately after individuals vote to predict election outcomes.

Push Polls

Polls designed to sway respondents rather than accurately measure opinion.

Approval Ratings

A measure of public support for a political leader or institution.

Bandwagon Effect

A phenomenon where people adopt certain political opinions because they perceive them as popular

Political Efficacy

A citizen’s belief that their participation in politics can influence government.

Gallup Poll Development

Established scientific polling methods that remain in use today.